2008年大学英语四级阅读理解试题三篇附答案

　　Therearethreekindsofgoals:short-term,medium-rangeandlong-termgoals.

　　Short-rangegoalsarethosethatusuallydealwithcurrentactivities,whichwecanapplyonadailybasis.Suchgoalscanbeachievedinaweekorless,ortwoweeks,orpossiblemonths.Itshouldberememberedthatjustasabuildingisnostrongerthanitsfoundation,outlong-termgoalscannotamounttoverymunchwithouttheachievementofsolidshort-termgoals.Uponcompletingourshort-termgoals,weshoulddatetheoccasionandthenaddnewshort-termgoalsthatwillbuildonthosethathavebeencompleted.

　　Theintermediategoalsbukldonthefoundationoftheshort-rangegoals.Theymightdealwithjustonetermofschoolortheentireschoolyear,ortheycouldevenextendforseveralyears.Anytimeyoumoveastepatatime,youshouldneverallowyourselftobecomediscouragedoroverwhelmed.Asyoucompleteeachstep,youwillenforcethebeliefinyourabilitytogrowadnsucceed.Andasyourlistofcompletiondatesgrow,yourmotivationanddesirewillincrease.

　　Long-rangegoalsmayberelatedtoourdreamsofthefuture.Theymightcoverfiveyearsormore.Lifeisnotastaticthing.Weshouldneverallowalong-termgoaltolimitusorourcourseofaction.

　　1.Ourlong-termgoalsmeanalot__.

　　a.ifwecompleteourshort-rangegoals

　　b.ifwecannotreachsolidshort-termgoals

　　c.ifwewritedownthedates

　　d.ifweputforwardsomeplans

　　2.Newshort-termgoalsarebulidupon__.

　　a.twoyears

　　b.long-termgoals

　　c.currentactivities

　　d.thegoalsthathavebeencompleted

　　3.Whenwecompleteeachstepofourgoals,__.

　　a.wewillwinfinalsuccess

　　b.weareoverwhelmed

　　c.weshouldbuildupconfidenceofsuccess

　　d.weshouldstrongdesireforsettingnewgoals

　　4.Onceourgoalsaredrawnup,__.

　　a.weshouldsticktothemuntilwecompletethem

　　b.wemaychangeourgoalsaswehavenewideasandopportunities

　　c.wehadbetterwaitfortheexcitingnewsofsuccess

　　d.wehavemadegreatdecision

　　5.Itisimpliedbutnotstatedinthepassagethat___.

　　a.thosewhohabelong-termgoalswillsucceed

　　b.writingdownthedatesmaydiscourageyou

　　c.thegoalisonlyaguideforustoreachourdesination

　　d.everyshouldhaveagoal

　　答案：adcbc

　　Therearetwofactorswhichdetermineanindividual'sintelligence.Thefirstisthesortofbrainheisbornwith.Humanbrainsdifferconsiderably,somebeingmorecapablethanothers.Butnomatterhowgoodabrainhehastobeginwith,anindividualwillhavealoworderofintelligenceunlesshehasopportunitiestolearn.Sothesecondfactoriswhathappenstotheindividual—thesortofenvironmentinwhichheisreared.Ifanindividualishandicappedenvionmentally,itislikelythathisbrainwillfailtodevelopandhewillneverattainthelevelofintelligenceofwhichheiscapable.

　　Theimportanceofenvironmentindetermininganindividual'sintellingencecanbedemonstratedbythecasehistoryoftheidenticaltwins,PeterandMarkX.Beingidentical,thetwinshadidenticalbrainsatbirth,andtheirgrowthprocesseswerethesame.Whenthetwinswerethreemonthsold,theirparentsdied,andtheywereplacedinseparatefosterho