海德格尔在《存在与时间》中曾说：”对世界之内的存在者,无论从存在者层次上加以描写也好,还是从存在论上加以阐释也好,这样的做法中随便那一种都不着‘世界’现象的边际.这两种欲达到‘客观存在’的入手方式都已经‘预先设定’‘世界’了,尽管是以不同的方式.
Heideggeroncesaidinhisbook:"Totheexistencewithintheworld,regardlessofbeingdepictedfromtheexistencelevelorbeingelaboratedfromtheexistencetheory,noneofthetwotouchesthe'world'phenomenon.Bothwanttoachieve'objectiveexistence'havepre-set'theworld'fromtheentry,thoughindifferentways.
霍金在他的新作《大设计》中提到了”金鱼的视角”：”几年前,意大利蒙札市议会禁止宠物的主人把金鱼养在弯曲的鱼缸里……因为金鱼向外凝视时会得到实在的歪曲景色……然而,我们何以得知我们拥有真正的没被歪曲的实在图像?难道我们自己不也可能处于某个大鱼缸之内,一个巨大的透镜扭曲我们的美景?金鱼的实在的图像和我们的不同,然而我们能肯定它比我们的更不真实吗?
Hawkinginhisnewbookmentionedthe"goldfishperspective":"Afewyearsago,theItalianMonzaCityCouncilbanpetownerstokeepgoldfishinthebendfishtank......becausethegoldfishwillseedistortedviewofrealitywhilestaringout......However,weknowwhetherwehavearealimagewhichisnotdistorted?Isn'titpossibleweliveinahugefishtankwhichmaydistortourview?Imagesgoldfishseesaredifferentfromthosewesee,butcanwebesurewhatweseeismoretrue?
魏晋乱世,有“竹林七贤”者如阮籍和嵇康,他们本不甘寂寞,胸怀大志,慷慨磊落,意欲有所作为,以天下为己任.但豪强并立,勾心斗角,于是萌生了希踪隐逸的情思.从此一方竹林便成参悟之净地,或哭或笑,或动或默,时时效驴作长啸,震贯丛林；闲暇参禅究老庄,自得其乐.“至人远见,归之自然”.大自然美丽动人,宁静广阔,没有尘世的嚣杂,没有官场的污浊,故士之高洁心志能够与之和谐共鸣.于是,阮籍“登山临水,经日忘归”,嵇康“游山泽,会其得意,忽焉忘返”,在大自然中尽享思古之幽情,归隐之闲趣.在他们的笔下,常有飞鸟如鸿鹄、鸾凤来去,它们冲破人世的网罗,舒翼于太清之上无拘无束.正如嵇康叹曰：“泽雉虽饥,不愿园林,安能服御,劳形苦心.身贵名贱,荣辱何在,贵得肆志,纵心无悔.”一种无忧无虑,逍遥自得,不受尘垢侵蚀的生活成为永恒的追求.“至人者,恬于生而静于死.生恬则情不惑,死静则神不离,故能与阴阳化而不易,从天地变而不移”,那是一种以平静御生死,与天地相始终的境界.阮籍和嵇康自由吗?他们本是不自由的,但在林间效驴长啸时,在书写鸿鹄鸾凤时,在嵇康毅然赴死,于刑场仰天大笑“广陵散绝矣”时,他们自由了.
AttroubledtimesofWeiandJin,Therewere"BambooGrove7"suchasRuanJiandJiKang,theywererestless,ambitious,generousandhadthedesiretocontributetotheworld.Butduetothetyrannicalsidebysideandendlessintrigue,theyinitiatedofthehermit'smindwhileseeingthehopedisappeared.Sincethentheyeitherstudyorcryorlaughorshoutlikeanimal,ormove,oftenshockthebamboojungle;theystudiedTaoistinthesparetime,enjoyedtheirownentertainment."PerfectHumanvision,gonatural."Natureisbeautiful,quietbroad,thereisnoearthlydincomplex,noofficial'sdirty,itcanbeassociatedpersonsofthenobleeffortstowardaharmoniousresonance.So,Juan's"mountainnearthewater,forgettogohomebytheday",andJiKang's"游山泽,会其得意,忽焉忘返".TheyenjoyedthenostalgiainnatureandtheleisureofinterestingHermitage.Undertheirpen,therewereoftenbirdssuchasswan,comeandgoinhappycouple,theybrokethroughthenetsofthisworld,flyingonthetopwithoutrestrained.AsKangsighedandsaid:"泽雉虽饥,不愿园林,安能服御,劳形苦心.身贵名贱,荣辱何在,贵得肆志,纵心无悔."acarefreeUnburdened,freefromdustanderosionoflifeistheeternalpursuit."至人者,恬于生而静于死.生恬则情不惑,死静则神不离,故能与阴阳化而不易,从天地变而不移."Itwasalwaysakindofcalmtothelifeanddeath,reachedtherealmofheavenandearth.WereRuanJiandJiKangfree?Actuallytheywerenotfree,butwhenthehappytwoshoutintheforest,wrotetheswan,andKangdecidedtodie,laughedduringtheexecution,andsaid,"Guanglingsandieswithhim",theywerefree.
个人翻译,有所不周,笑纳.