动词按其动作发生的方式、发生过程的长短可分为延续性动词与非延续性动词.

　　一.延续性动词表示能够延续的动作,如：learn,work,stand,lie,know,walk,keep,have,wait,watch,sing,read,sleep,live,stay等.延续性动词可以与表示时间段的状语连用.

　　表示时间段的短语有:for+一段时间,for2years;since从句,sincehecamehere;since+时间点名词,sincelastyear,since5daysago;howlong;foralongtime等.

　　例:Hehaslivedherefor6years.Youcankeepthebookfor5days.Istayedtherefor2weekslastyear.Howlongdidyoustaytherelastyear?

　　二.非延续性动词也称终止性动词、瞬间动词,表示不能延续的动作,这种动作发生后立即结束.如:open,die,close,begin,finish,come,go,move,borrow,lend,buy等.

　　非延续性动词在肯定句中与表示时间点的状语连用,如：twoyearsago;at5o'clock;

　　例:Hedied5yearsago.

　　否定的终止性动词可以与表示时间段的时间状语连用.例:Ihaven'tleftherefor3years.Ihaven'theardfromhimfor3weeks.

　　三.延续性动词与非延续性动词之间的转换：leave---beaway,borrow---keep,buy---have,begin/start---beon,die---bedead,finish---beover,join---bein+组织机构,beamemberof+组织机构,opensth---keepsthopen,fallill---beill,getup---beup,catchacold---haveacold,comehere---behere,gothere---bethere,become---be,comeback---beback,fallasleep---beasleep,getto/arrive/reach---be(in),leave---beawayfrom,gettoknow---know,go(get)out→beout,puton→wear；catchacold→haveacold等.例:Theoldmandied4yearsago.----Theoldmanhasbeendeadfor4years.----Itis4yearssincetheoldmandied.----Fouryearshaspassedsincetheoldmandied.HejoinedtheParty2yearsago.-----HehasbeeninthePartyfor2years.Iboughtthebook5daysago.----Ihavehadthebookfor5days.

　　补充练习：

　　1.Whenhearrivedatthebusstop,thebus________for20minutes.

　　A.hasleftB.hadleftC.hasbeenawayD.hadbeenaway

　　2.I______theLeaguefor5yearssofar.

　　A.joinedB.havejoinedC.havebeenin

　　3.Thefactory________sincetheFebruaryof1988.

　　A.hasbeenopenB.hasopenedC.wasopenD.opened

　　4.MaryandRose_______friendssincetheymetin2000.

　　A.havemadeB.havebeenC.madeD.havebecome

　　5.Youmustn't________untilhecomesback.

　　A.beawayB.leaveC.beleft

　　6.Themeeting_______foraweeknow.

　　A.hasfinishedB.hasendedC.hasbeenover

　　7.MissGao______thisschoolfornearly5years.

　　A.hasbeeninB.hascometoC.hastaught

　　8.Ben______ateacherfor4years.

　　A.hasbeenB.hasbecomeC.wasD.became

　　9.I______homeforaweek.

　　A.havereturnedB.havebeenbackC.returned

　　10.Howlong_______he________

　　A.diedB.has,diedC.has,beendead

　　11.He______ateightyesterdayafternoon.

　　A.sleptB.wassleepingC.hassleepD.hadslept

　　12.He________thecarforaweek.

　　A.boughtB.hasboughtC.hashad

　　13.-----Howlong_____you_____ill-----Twoweeks.

　　A.didfallB.have,fellC.have,been

　　14.Since2000,he_____hishometown.

　　A.hasleftB.hasmovedawayC.hasbeenawayfrom

　　15.I'lllendyouthebook,butyoucanonly_____itfor2days.

　　A.borrowB.keepC.take

　　16.Thebus______ontheroadfor2hourssofar.

　　A.hasstoppedB.stoppedC.hasbeen

　　17.Areyou_____thejacketthesedays?

　　A.wearingB.puttingonC.dressingD.on

　　18.He________foe2hours.

　　A.gotupB.hasgotupC.hasbee