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  请高手指教,英语复合句的结构与用法

  请高手指教,英语复合句的结构与用法

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2020-08-02 21:50
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李震霄

  一、状语从句:

  状语从句又可分为时间、地点、目的、原因、结果、行为方式、条件、让步及比较等几种形式.

  1.I'llgowithyouassoonasI____mywork.

  A.willfinishB.shallfinishC.finishD.finished

  选C.在时间、条件状语从句中,主句可能是祈使句、一般将来时或带情态动词,从句用一般现在时.如果主句是过去将来时,从句可以用一般过去时.能够引导时间状语从句、条件状语从句的从属连接词,常见的有:when,until(tiy,directly,unless,aslongas,suppose等.如:

  (1)Unlesshecomes,wewon'tbeabletogo.

  (2)Supposeitgoesonraining,whatshallwedo?

  (3)LuXunoftensaid,"AslongasIamalive,Ishallgoonstudying."

  2.Nosooner_____thenewsthantheyrushedoutintothestreet.A.theyheardB.theyhadheardC.didtheyhearD.hadtheyheard选D.nosooner…than,hardly…when,scarcely…before表示"—…就",主句一般用过去完成时(had+V-ed),从句用一般过去时,如果hardly,nosooner,scarcely放句首,主谓倒装.

  3.Althoughheisconsideredagreatwriter,____(MET'91)A.hisworksarenotwidelyreadB.buthisworksarenotwidelyreadC.howeverhisworksarenotwidelyreadD.stillhisworksarenotwidelyread选A.这是一个让步状语从句,主句与从句之间有一个从属连词although(though),不能再加but,however,still等,但可以和yet连用.

  4.Nomatterhowhardheworked,____(84年)A.hecouldnotdoanybetterB.andhecouldnotdoanybetterC.sohecoulddoanybettesD.buthecouldnotdoanybetter选A.由nomatter引导的让步状语从句,其主句也不能再用but,and,so等并列连接词.

  5.____hemight,hefailed,A.TryasB.AstryC.TriedasD.Astried选A.为了强调让步的意义,表示出非常强烈的对照,用as或though引导的让步状语从句,从句的语序要作部分调整,即把句子受强调的表语、状语或动词原形置于从句的句首.如果表语是单数可数名词,移置句首时,名词前不用冠词.如:

  (1)MuchasIlikeit,Iwillnotbuyit.(2)Childassheis,sheknowsalotofEnglish.

  6.Didthetwoboyslooksomuchalike____noonecouldtellthemapart?

  A.andB.thatC.asD.sothat

  选B.目的状语从句的表达:"主+谓+that(sothat,inorderthat)+主+may(might,can,could,shouldn't等)+谓".

  7.____MrSmithiswellagain,hecantravel.A.NowthatB.ButthatC.AndthatD.Sincethat

  选A.nowthat相当于since.表示原因状语从句的连接词常见的有because,as,since,nowthat,seeingthat,consideringthat等.

  8.Itwas____ahundredpeoplelookedlostinit.A.solargearoomthatB.solargearoomC.suchlargearoomthatD.asuchlargeroom

  选A.引导结果状语从句:

  so+adj(adv)+that从句so+adj+a(an)+n+that从句such+a(an)+adj+n+that从句表示"这样……(一个)……以至于……".

  9.Theharderheworked,____hefelt.A.happierB.thehappierC.thehappyD.thehappiest选B.the+比较级+主+谓,the+比较级+主+谓,意思是"越……越……".

  二、定语从句

  定语从句是在复合句中使其修饰的某一名词或代词代表一个(些)或一类特定的人或东西.在做定语从句的练习时,首先应该找出先行词,然后再确定选择关系代词或关系副词.能够引导定语从句的关系代词和关系副词有who,whom,whose,that,which,when,why,where.

  1.Sheheardaterriblenoise,____broughtherheartintobermouth.(M

  A.itB.whichC.thisD.that

  选B.在非限定性定语从句中,关系代词用which不能用that.

  2.Hepaidtheboy$10forwashingtenwiondows,mostof____hadn'tcleanedforatleastayear.(MET'90)

  A.theseB.thoseC.thatD.which

  选D.如果选A、B、C,整个句子不符合语法要求,因为有一个"逗号",不是并列句,因此只能是一个非限定性定语从句,在非限定性定语从句中关系代词一般用which.

  3.Hisparentswouldn'tmarryanyone____familywaspoor.(MET'88)

  A.ofwhomB.whomc.ofwhoseD.whose

  选D.因为whose作family的定语.

  4.Finallythethiefhandedineverything____hehadstolentothepolice.(MET'87)

  A.afterB.whatC.whateverD.that

  选D.因为A、B、C不能引导定语从句.先行词everything,关系代词that在从句中作宾语.当先行词是不定代词all,

2020-08-02 21:52:41

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