英文作文:生活中物流的重要性-查字典问答网
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  英文作文:生活中物流的重要性

  英文作文:生活中物流的重要性

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2019-04-10 03:52
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刘桂峰

  Logisticsisthemanagementoftheflowofgoods,informationandotherresources,includingenergyandpeople,betweenthepointoforiginandthepointofconsumptioninordertomeettherequirementsofconsumers(frequently,andoriginally,militaryorganizations).Logisticsinvolvetheintegrationofinformation,transportation,inventory,warehousing,material-handling,andpackaging.

  Originsanddefinition:

  Theterm"logistics"originatesfromtheancientGreek"λόγος"("logos"—"ratio,word,calculation,reason,speech,oration").

  Logisticsisconsideredtohaveoriginatedinthemilitary'sneedtosupplythemselveswitharms,ammunitionandrationsastheymovedfromtheirbasetoaforwardposition.InancientGreek,RomanandByzantineempires,thereweremilitaryofficerswiththetitle‘Logistikas’whowereresponsibleforfinancialandsupplydistributionmatters.

  TheOxfordEnglishdictionarydefineslogisticsas:“Thebranchofmilitarysciencehavingtodowithprocuring,maintainingandtransportingmaterial,personnelandfacilities.”Anotherdictionarydefinitionis:"Thetimerelatedpositioningofresources."Assuch,logisticsiscommonlyseenasabranchofengineeringwhichcreates"peoplesystems"ratherthan"machinesystems".

  Logisticsmanagement:

  Logisticsmanagementisthatpartofthesupplychainwhichplans,implementsandcontrolstheefficient,effectiveforwardandreverseflowandstorageofgoods,servicesandrelatedinformationbetweenthepointoforiginandthepointofconsumptioninordertomeetcustomers'requirements.Aprofessionalworkinginthefieldoflogisticsmanagementiscalledalogistician.

  TheCharteredInstituteofLogistics&Transport(CILT)wasestablishedintheUnitedKingdomin1919andwasgrantedtheRoyalCharterin1926.TheCharteredInstituteisoneofprofessionalbodiesorinstitutionsforthelogistics&transportsectors,thatofferssuchprofessionalqualificationordegreeinlogisticsmanagement.

  Businesslogistics:

  Logisticsasabusinessconceptevolvedonlyinthe1950s.Thiswasmainlyduetotheincreasingcomplexityofsupplyingone'sbusinesswithmaterialsandshippingoutproductsinanincreasinglyglobalizedsupplychain,callingforexpertsinthefieldwhoarecalledSupplyChainLogisticians.Thiscanbedefinedashavingtherightitemintherightquantityattherighttimeattherightplacefortherightpriceandisthescienceofprocessandincorporatesallindustrysectors.Thegoaloflogisticsworkistomanagethefruitionofprojectlifecycles,supplychainsandresultantefficiencies.

  Inbusiness,logisticsmayhaveeitherinternalfocus(inboundlogistics),orexternalfocus(outboundlogistics)coveringtheflowandstorageofmaterialsfrompointoforigintopointofconsumption(seesupplychainmanagement).Themainfunctionsofaqualifiedlogisticianincludeinventorymanagement,purchasing,transportation,warehousing,consultationandtheorganizingandplanningoftheseactivities.Logisticianscombineaprofessionalknowledgeofeachofthesefunctionssothatthereisacoordinationofresourcesinanorganization.Therearetwofundamentallydifferentformsoflogistics.Oneoptimizesasteadyflowofmaterialthroughanetworkoftransportlinksandstoragenodes.Theothercoordinatesasequenceof

2019-04-10 03:56:10

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