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  Likepeople,plantsexperiencestress.Andalso,likepeople,theresponsetothatstresscandeterminesuccess.Badenvironmentalconditions,suchasdrought,flood,heatandotherstresses,affectyields(产量)morethancroppestsan

  Likepeople,plantsexperiencestress.Andalso,likepeople,theresponsetothatstresscandeterminesuccess.

  Badenvironmentalconditions,suchasdrought,flood,heatandotherstresses,affectyields(产量) morethancroppestsanddiseases.Wearetryingtofindawaytoequipplantswiththeabilitytotolerateenvironmentalstressandmaintainhighyields,saidStephenHowell,aprofessorofgeneticsandcellbiology.

  Plantcellsproduceproteins (蛋白质) andshipthemtodifferentpartsofthecell.Undernormalconditions,theseproteinsarefoldedintotheirnormal,healthystructuresastheyareproduced.Whenaplantisunderstress,itscellsproducepoorlyfoldedorunfoldedproteins.Thenabuilt-insystemsensesthisand"setsoffanalarminthecell,"saidHowell.

  Inresponsetothealarm,anotherprotein (IRE1)startsworkingandcreatesadifferentprocesswhichactivates (激活) thestressresponsegeneswhoseproductsbringaboutdefensivemeasuresthathelptheplantsurvive.

  "Asitturnsout,responsesthatareactivatedunderstressconditionsactually inhibit thegrowthofplants,"saidHowell."Thisallowsthemtopreservetheirenergytosurvivethestressconditions."

  Forplantsinthewild,thisresponseisahelpforsurvival,hesaid.Inproductionofagriculturecrops,however,thisresponsereducesyields.

  "Youdon'twantcropplantstostopgrowing,"Howellsaid."Youwantthemtocontinuetogrowandproduceeventhoughtheyareunderstress."

  Withthenewunderstandingofthisstressresponse,thenextstepmaybetosilencethealarmsystem,saidHowell."Whatmaybeimportantistodisablesomeofthesestressresponses.Thatmaymaketheplantmoreproductiveunderstressconditions."

  28.Accordingtothetext,analarmintheplantcellsiscausedby___.

  A.thefoldedproteins

  B.thechangedproteins

  C.thedefensivemeasures

  D.thestressresponsegenes

  29.Theenergypreservedintheplantsunderstressconditions___.

  A.helpstheplantstosurvive

  B.helpstomaintainhighyields

  C.keepstheplantsgrowing

  D.helpstoproducep

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2020-08-06 21:54
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  28.B.细节理解题.根据第三段:Whenaplantisunderstress,itscellsproducepoorlyfoldedorunfoldedproteins可知植物细胞的报警是由改变蛋白质产生的;故选B.

  29.A.细节理解题.根据第四段:anotherprotein (IRE1)startsworkingandcreatesadifferentprocesswhichactivates (激活) thestressresponsegeneswhoseproductsbringaboutdefensivemeasuresthathelptheplantsurvive可知胁迫条件下植物的能量保存帮助植物生存;故选A.

  30.A.词义理解题.根据第五段:Asitturnsout,responsesthatareactivatedunderstressconditionsactually inhibit thegrowthofplants事实证明,在压力条件下被激活的反应实际上抑制了植物的生长,可知意为阻止;故选A.

  31.C.细节理解题.根据最后一段:Whatmaybeimportantistodisablesomeofthesestressresponses.Thatmaymaketheplantmoreproductiveunderstressconditions可知豪厄尔在压力条件下通过使报警系统停止工作使作物保持高产;故选C.

2020-08-06 21:57:33

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