基本上应有尽有自己筛选一下吧

　　概述：

　　RussiaortheRussianFederation,isacountryextendingovermuchofnorthernEurasia(EuropeandAsiatogether).Itisasemi-presidentialrepubliccomprising83federalsubjects.Russiashareslandborderswiththefollowingcountries(counterclockwisefromnorthwesttosoutheast):Norway,Finland,Estonia,Latvia,Lithuania(viaKaliningradOblast),Poland(viaKaliningradOblast),Belarus,Ukraine,Georgia,Azerbaijan,Kazakhstan,China,MongoliaandtheDemocraticPeople'sRepublicofKorea.ItalsohasmaritimeborderswithJapanandtheRepublicofKorea(BytheSeaofJapan),Sweden(BytheBalticSea),Turkey(BytheBlackSea),andtheUnitedStates(BytheBeringStrait).At17,075,400squarekilometres(6,592,800sqmi),Russiaisbyfarthelargestcountryintheworld,coveringmorethananeighthoftheEarth’slandarea;with142millionpeople,itistheninthlargestbypopulation.ItextendsacrossthewholeofnorthernAsiaand40%ofEurope,spanning11timezonesandincorporatingagreatrangeofenvironmentsandlandforms.Russiahastheworld'sgreatestreservesofmineralandenergyresources,andisconsideredanenergysuperpower.Ithastheworld'slargestforestreservesanditslakescontainapproximatelyone-quarteroftheworld'sunfrozenfreshwater.

　　Thenation'shistorybeganwiththatoftheEastSlavs,whichemergedasarecognizablegroupinEuropebetweenthe3rdand8thcenturiesAD.FoundedandruledbyanobleVikingwarriorclassandtheirdescendants,thefirstEastSlavicstate,KievanRus',aroseinthe9thcenturyandadoptedChristianityfromtheByzantineEmpirein988,beginningthesynthesisofByzantineandSlavicculturesthatdefinedRussiancultureforthenextmillennium.KievanRus'ultimatelydisintegratedandthelandsweredividedintomanysmallfeudalstates.ThemostpowerfulsuccessorstatetoKievanRus'wasMoscow,whichservedasthemainforceintheRussianreunificationprocessandindependencestruggleagainsttheGoldenHorde.MoscowgraduallyreunifiedthesurroundingRussianprincipalitiesandcametodominatetheculturalandpoliticallegacyofKievanRus'.Bythe18thcentury,thenationhadgreatlyexpandedthroughconquest,annexationandexplorationtobecometheRussianEmpire,whichwasthethirdlargestempireinhistory,stretchingfromPolandeastwardtothePacificOceanandAlaska.

　　RussiaestablishedworldwidepowerandinfluencefromthetimesoftheRussianEmpiretobeingthelargestandleadingconstituentoftheSovietUnion,theworld'sfirstandlargestconstitutionallysocialiststateandarecognizedsuperpower.Thenationcanboastalongtraditionofexcellenceineveryaspectoftheartsandsciences.TheRussianFederationwasfoundedfollowingthedissolutionoftheSovietUnionin1991,butisrecognizedasthecontinuinglegalpersonalityoftheSovietUnion.Ithasoneoftheworld'sfastestgrowingmajoreconomiesandhastheworld'seighthlargestGDPbynominalGDPorsixthlargestbypurchasingpowerparitywiththeeighthlargestmilitarybudgetorthirdlargestbypurchasingpower.Itisoneofthefiverecognizednuclearweaponsstatesandpossessestheworld'slargeststockpileofweaponsofmassdestruction.RussiaisapermanentmemberoftheUnitedNationsSecurityCouncil,amemberoftheG8,APECandtheSCO,andisaleadingmemberoftheCommonwealthofIndependentStates.

　　政治：

　　Acc