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　　【Woulditsurpriseyoutolearnthatlikeanimalstreescommunicatewitheachotherandpassontheirwealthtothenextgeneration?UBCProfessorSimardexplainshowtreesaremuchmorecomplexthanmostofuseverimagined.AlthoughCharl】

　　Woulditsurpriseyoutolearnthatlikeanimalstreescommunicatewitheachotherandpassontheirwealthtothenextgeneration?

　　UBCProfessorSimardexplainshowtreesaremuchmorecomplexthanmostofuseverimagined.AlthoughCharlesDarwinthoughtthattreesarecompetingforsurvivalofthefittestSimardshowsjusthowwronghewas.Infacttheoppositeistrue:treessurvivethroughtheirco-operationandsupportpassingaroundnecessarynutrition“dependingonwhoneedsit”.

　　Nitrogen（氮）andcarbonaresharedthroughmilesofundergroundfungi（真菌）networksmakingsurethatalltreesintheforestecologicalsystemgiveandreceivejusttherightamounttokeepthemallhealthy.Thishiddensystemworksinaverysimilarwaytothenetworksofneurons（神经元）inourbrainsandwhenonetreeisdestroyeditaffectsall.

　　Simardtalksabout“mothertrees”usuallythelargestandoldestplantsonwhichallothertreesdepend.Sheexplainshowdyingtreespassonthewealthtothenextgenerationtransportingimportantmineralstoyoungtreessotheymaycontinuetogrow.Whenhumanscutdown“mothertrees”withnoawarenessofthesehighlycomplex“treesocieties”orthenetworksonwhichtheyfeedwearereducingthechancesofsurvivalfortheentireforest.

　　“Wedidn'ttakeanynoticeofit.”Simardsayssadly.“Dyingtreesmovenutritionintotheyoungtreesbeforedyingbutwenevergivethemchance.”Ifwecouldputacrossthemessagetotheforestryindustrywecouldmakeahugedifferencetowardsourenvironmentalprotectioneffortsforthefuture.

　　1.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

　　A.OldTreesCommunicateLikeHumans

　　B.YoungTreesAreInNeedOfProtection

　　C.TreesContributeToOurSociety

　　D.TreesAreMoreComplexThanYouThink

　　2.InSimard'sopiniontrees_______.

　　A.competeforsurvivalB.protecttheirownwealth

　　C.dependoneachotherD.providesupportfordyingtrees

　　3.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat.

　　A.“mothertrees”areusuallyofnousetoothertrees.

　　B.CharlesDarwinhadthesamethoughtasSimard.

　　C.if“mothertrees”arecutdownthesurvivalfortheentireforestwillbeaffected.

　　D.peopleknowmuchaboutthecompl

1回答

2020-08-09 01:08

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陈强

　　1.D

　　2.C

　　3.C

　　4.A

　　分析：

　　像动物一样，树木也能互相交流，并且能够把“财富”传给后代，以保证它们的健康茁壮成长。树木通过彼此相互依靠而生存下去。一棵树在死前会把养分输送给后代，当树遭到砍伐时，其它树也会受到影响。

　　1.treescommunicatewitheachotherandpassontheirwealthtothenextgeneration”和第二段“UBCProfessorSimardexplainshowtreesaremuchmorecomplexthanmostofuseverimagined.”可知，树木也能够相互交流并把财富传给后代，树木比我们想象的要更复杂，故选D。

　　2.treessurvivethroughtheirco-operationandsupport”可知，树木通过相互合作和支持而生存下来，故选C。

　　3.whenonetreeisdestroyeditaffectsall.”和第四段“Whenhumanscutdown“mothertrees”...wearereducingthechancesofsurvivalfortheentireforest.”可知，当一棵树被砍倒后，会影响周围所有的树，当“母树”被砍掉后，整个森林都可能会死掉，由此可见，母树影响着整个森林，故选C。

　　4.Whenhumanscutdown“mothertrees”withnoawarenessofthesehighlycomplex“treesocieties”orthenetworksonwhichtheyfeed”可知，人们并未注意到极其复杂的“树木群落”的存在，更不可能了解这个群落的运转机制，故选A。

　　考点：

　　自然类短文阅读

2020-08-09 01:13:15

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