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　　ThroughoutJuly1945theJapanesemainlandfromTokyoonHonshunorthwardtothecoastofHokkaidowerebombedasifaninvasionwereabouttotakeplace.InfactsomethingfarmorethreateningwasathandastheAmericansweretellingS

　　ThroughoutJuly1945theJapanesemainlandfromTokyoonHonshunorthwardtothecoastofHokkaidowerebombedasifaninvasionwereabouttotakeplace.InfactsomethingfarmorethreateningwasathandastheAmericansweretellingStalinatPotsdam.（伯茨坦）

　　In1939physicistsintheUnitedStateshadlearnedofexperimentsinGermanyshowingthepossibilityofatomicpowerandunderstoodthecomingdamageofanatomicbomb.OnAugust21939AlbertEinsteinwarnedPresidentRooseveltofthedangerofNaziGermany’sadvancesindevelopmentoftheatomicbomb.EventuallytheU.S.OfficeofScientificResearchDevelopmentwascreatedinJune1941andgivencombinedresponsibilitywiththeWarDepartmentintheManhattanProjecttodevelopanuclearbomb.AfterfouryearsofresearchanddevelopmenteffortsanatomicdevicewassetoffonJuly161945inadesertareaatAlamogordoNewMexicoproducinganexplosivepowerequaltothatofmorethan15000tonsofTNT.Thustheatomicbombwasborn.TrumanthenewU.S.presidentbelievedthatthisterribleobjectmightbeusedtodefeatJapaninawaylesscostlyofU.S.livesthananordinaryinvasionoftheJapanesehomeland.Japan’sunsatisfactoryreplytotheAllies’PotsdamDeclarationdecidedthematter.

　　OnAugust61945anatomicbombcarriedfromTinianIslandintheMarianainaspeciallyequippedB-29wasdroppedonHiroshimaatthesouthernendofHonshu.Thecombinedheatandexplosiondestroyedeverythingintheexplosion’simmediateneighbourhoodproducedfiresthatburnedoutalmost4.4squaremilescompletelyandkilledbetween70000and80000peopleinadditiontoinjuringmorethan70000others.AsecondbombdroppedonNagasakionAugust9killedbetween35000and40000peopleinjuredalikenumberandruined1.8squaremiles.

　　1.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

　　A．AnatomicbombwasdroppedonHiroshimaandNagasaki.

　　B．Afterresearchanddevelopmenteffortsanatomicbombwasborn.

　　C．Aninvasionwasabouttotakeplacewiththeuseoftheatomicbomb.

　　D．ThebirthanduseoftheatomicbombendedtheSecondWorldWar.

　　2.AlbertEinsteinwarnedRooseveltof_________.

　　A.NaziGermany’successinmakinganatomicbomb

　　B.thepossibilityofatomicpowerfromNaziGermany

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2020-08-11 00:47

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黄进锋

　　1.D2.B3.D4.A

　　分析：

　　本文介绍了日本广岛、长崎原子弹爆炸的始末和造成的后果。1.D主旨大意题。通读全文可知，正是广岛、长崎的原子弹爆炸迫使日本投降，结束了第二次世界大战。D项表述全面。A、B、C三项表述的是文中的细节，不能概括文章的中心。故选D。2.B细节理解题。根据第二段的第二句“OnAugust21939AlbertEinsteinwarnedPresidentRooseveltofthedangerofNaziGermany’sadvancesindevelopmentoftheatomicbomb.”可知B项表述符合文意。选B。3.D细节理解题。根据第二段的最后一句“Japan’sunsatisfactoryreplytotheAllies’PotsdamDeclarationdecidedthematter.”可知，美国对日本的答复不满意，才决定对日本投放原子弹。D项表述符合文意，选D。4.A推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“andkilledbetween70000and80000people”和“killedbetween35000and40000people”可知在两颗原子弹爆炸中死亡的人数为105000至120000人。A项表述正确，故选A。

　　考点：

　　考查新闻报道类短文阅读

2020-08-11 00:52:15

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