【英语翻译PreviousstudieswithwordstimulihaveshownaconsistentpatternofvigilanceforthreatwordsinGADacrossdiåerentstimulusdurationsrangingfrom14msto1000ms.Thetimecourseoftheattentionalbiasisanimportantissue.Pe】

　　英语翻译

　　PreviousstudieswithwordstimulihaveshownaconsistentpatternofvigilanceforthreatwordsinGADacrossdiåerentstimulusdurationsrangingfrom14msto1000ms.Thetimecourseoftheattentionalbiasisanimportantissue.Persistent,maladaptiveorclinicalanxietyhasbeenseenasresultingfromafailureofemotionalprocessing,andithasbeensuggestedthatbriefexposuretothreat,followedbyavoidance,mightproducetheconditionsforincompleteemotionalprocessingofthreatstimuliorsensitizationtosuchstimuli.Similarly,briefattentionalvigilancetothreatfollowedbyattentionalavoidancemightunderliethemaintenanceofexcessiveanxietystates.Whilenoevidencehasbeenfoundofavoidancefollowinginitialvigilancetothreatfacesinhighanxiousnormalsusingstimulusdurationsof500msand1250ms,suchevidencehasbeenfoundwithseverethreatstimuliandsimilarstimulusdurationsinanon-clinicalsamplewhowerefearfulofblood-injury.Itisthereforeimportanttotestthishypothesisofavigilance-avoidancepatternofbiasinaclinicallyanxioussamplewithpictorialrepresentationsofthreat.IndividualswithGADwereselectedastheclinicalsampleforthepresentstudy,giventhatGADreflectstheextremeendofthespectrumoftraitdiåerencesinvulnerabilitytoanxiety.

　　Thepatternofattentionalbiasoverthefirstandsecondhalvesofthetaskwasalsoexamined.Broadbent&Broadbent(1988)foundthebiastobestrongerinthesecondhalfofthetask,suggestingthattheeffectis`duetoincreasingpost-attentiveawarenessofthepresenceofthreateningwords’.Thus,althoughthereisevidencethatautomaticprocessesareinvolvedintheattentionalbiasforthreatinclinicalandnon-clinicalanxiety,thefindingsofBroadbent&Broadbent(1988)suggestthatstrategicinfluencescontributetothebias.Thus,itisinformativetoexaminewhetheranattentionalbiasforthreatfacestimulisimilarlydevelopsoverthecourseofthetask.Consequently,thepresentstudyinvestigatedattentionalbiasesforthreateningandhappyemotionalfacialexpressionsinGAD.Aprobediscriminationtaskwasusedtoassessattentionalbias,similartothatusedbyBradleyetal.(1998).Inthistask,oneachtrial,apairoffaceswaspresente