C
这是考察你对倒装句的运用
英语句子使用的目的,可分为四大类:陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句.这四大类型句子都有可能出现倒装句.倒装句分为全倒装和部分倒装两种类型.浅析如下:
一、疑问句中出现的倒装句
1.特殊疑问句中
(1)Whatisthis?(全倒装)
(2)Whichdoyouwant?(部分倒装)
(3)Whendidyougetupyesterday?
2.一般疑问句
(1)DoyoustudyEnglisheveryday?(部分倒装)
(2)MayIcomein?
(3)Areyougoingtobeateacher?
特殊疑问句中,如果疑问词做主语或疑问词修饰主语时,句子不用倒装,即用陈述语序.例如:Whodidityesterday?Whichcomradecandothiswork?
一般疑问句中,常把助动词或情态动词放在句首,即位于主语前,而构成部分倒装.
二、感叹句中出现倒装句
1.What引导的感叹句
(1)Whatahappylifewehavehad!(宾语在主语前面)
(2)Whatafinedayitis!(表语在主语前面)
(3)WhatashiningexampleComradeLeiFenghassetus!
2.How引导的感叹句
(1)Howhappyweare!(表语在前面)
(2)Howhardtheyareworking!(状语在前面)
(3)Howniceadayitis!
3.副词引导词引导的感叹句
(1)Therecomesthebus!
(2)Incomethestudents!
(3)Offgoestheworker!
What或how引导的句子,主谓也有不倒装的.
What所强调的重点是名词,这一名词一般是表语或宾语,有时所强调的名词可能是主语.例如:Whatenormouscrowdcame!(《当代英语语法》中册P87).What也可单独使用.例句:Whatshesufferedintheolddays!(《英语分类句型》P90)
How修饰形容词、副词或动词.有时howmany的搭配也可修饰名词.ForhowmanyyearshaveIwaited!该短语作状语.(《当代英语语法》)
副词引导词位于句首,一方面为了强调,另一方面使情景生动.主语是名词时,主谓倒装;如果主语是人称代词,主谓不倒装.例如:Awayhewenttothestation!
三、祈使句中出现的倒装
(1)Longlivetheking!(《最新实用英汉辞典》P769)
(2)LonglivethePeople'sRepublicofChina!
(3)Mayyousucceed!Longmayhelive!愿他长命百岁!(《英华大辞典》P780)
(4)Don'tyouopenthedoor.Don'tanyoneopenthedoor.(《当代英语语法》中册P85)
祈使句一般无主语,有时也有主语出现.祈使句的主语要重读,代词也要重读(陈述句的主语一般不重读).祈使句常用句号.表示一种强烈感情时,句子用感叹号.
四、陈述句中出现的几种倒装句
1.主谓倒装
(1)Long,longagotherewasawarbetweenthebirdsandthebeasts.
(2)OnceuponatimethereweresixblindmeninIndia.
(3)“Comealong,then.”saidthebird.
(4)...buttowardtheendtherecametheterriblestorm...
2.表语倒装
(1)SuchwasAlbertEinstein,asimplemanofgreatachievments(全倒装句)
(2)Insidethepyramidsaretheroomsforthebodiesofkingsandqueens.
(3)Averyreliablepersonheis.(主语是人称代词时,主谓不倒装)(《英语分类句型》P400)
3.宾语倒装
(1)Manyhappyhoursshehadspentplanningforsomethingniceforhim.
(2)Twenty-onedollarstheytookforit.
(3)Notasinglemistakedidhemake.
(4)Onlyadictionaryheneverforgetstobringhere.
宾语在前时,多数属于强调部分,句子一般不加助动词,偶尔也有助动词出现,如例句(3).
4.复合句中的倒装
(1)ItakebackwhatIsaid.
(2)...andtheshipwouldhavesunkwithallboardhaditnotbeenforthecaptain.要是没有那位船长,就会连船带人都沉没了.
(3)WereIyou,Iwouldgowithhim.
(4)Proudasthesenoblesare,heisafraidtoseeme.
(5)Notonlywaseverythingthathehadtakenawayfromhim,butalsohisGermancitizenship.
(6)Hardly(Scarcely)hadhesatdownwhenthetelephonerang.
(7)Theharderyouwork,thegreaterwillbeyourachievement.
5.其他倒装
陈述句中为了保持句子平衡或为了强调表语、宾语、状语等成分,或使上下文紧密衔接时,使用倒装句.
(1)Onthewallisablackboardonwhichwerewrittensomewords,“Itisnousesittingherewithout