【Ofalltheareasoflearningthemostimportantisthedevelopmentofattitudes.Emotionalreactionsaswellaslogicalthoughtprocessesaffectthebehaviorofmostpeople.“Theburntchildfearsthefire”isoneinstance;anotheristhe】

　　Ofalltheareasoflearningthemostimportantisthedevelopmentofattitudes.Emotionalreactionsaswellaslogicalthoughtprocessesaffectthebehaviorofmostpeople.

　　“Theburntchildfearsthefire”isoneinstance;anotheristheriseoffigureslikeHitler.Boththeseexamplespointupthefactthatattitudescomefromexperience.Intheonecasetheexperiencewasdirectandimpressive;intheotheritwasindirectandgradual.

　　Theclassroomteacherintheelementaryschoolisinstrategicpositiontoinfluenceattitudes.Thisistruepartlybecausechildrenacquireattitudesfromthoseadultswhosewordtheyrespect.

　　Anotherreasonitistrueisthatpupilsoftensearchsomewhatdeeplyintoasubjectinschoolthathasonlybeentoucheduponathomeorhaspossiblyneveroccurredtothembefore.ToachildwhohaspreviouslyacquirelittleknowledgeofMexicohisteacher’smethodofhandlingsuchaunitwouldgreatlyaffecthisattitudetowardMexicans.

　　Theteachercandevelopproperattitudesthroughsocialstudiessciencematterstheveryatmosphereoftheclassroometc.Howeverwhenchildrencometoschoolwithundesirableattitudesitisunwisetoattempttochangetheirfeelingsbycriticizingthem.Theteachercanachievethepropereffectbyhelpingthemobtainconstructiveexperience.

　　Toillustratefirst-gradepupilsafraidofpolicemenwillprobablychangetheirattitudesafteraclassroomtalkwiththeneighborhoodofficerinwhichheexplainshowheprotectsthem.Inthesamewayaclassofolderchildrencandevelopattitudesthroughdiscussionresearchoutsidereadingandall-daytrips.

　　Finallyateachermustconstantlyevaluateherownattitudesbecauseherinfluencecanbeharmfulshehaspersonalprejudices.Thisisespeciallytrueinrespecttocontroversialissuesandquestionsofwhichchildrenshouldbeencouragedtoreachtheirowndecisionsasresultofobjectiveanalysisofallthefacts.

　　【小题1】Theauthorusesthephrase“theburntchildfearsthefire”inorderto__________.

　　A．stresstheimportanceofkeepingchildfromthefireB．exemplify（例证）theopinionthatattitudescomefromexperienceC．illustratetheimportantroleofattitudestowar