【定语从句引导词如何使用?】
定语从句引导词如何使用?
【定语从句引导词如何使用?】
定语从句引导词如何使用?
引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词,关系词有关系代词和关系副词.关系代词有that,which,who,whom,whose,as等;关系副词有where,when,why等.关系词常有3个作用:1,引导定语从句.2,代替先行词.3,在定语从句中担当一个成分.
关系副词引导的定语从句
1.when指时间,在定语从句中做时间状语
(1)IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametotheschool.
(2)Thetimewhenwegottogetherfinallycame.
2.where指地点,在定语从句中做地点状语
(1)ShanghaiisthecitywhereIwasborn.
(2)ThehousewhereIlivedtenyearsagohasbeenpulleddown.
3.why指原因,在定语从句中做原因状语
(1)Pleasetellmethereasonwhyyoumissedtheplane.
(2)Idon’tknowthereasonwhyhelooksunhappytoday.
注意:关系副词引导的从句可以由“介词+关系代词”引导的从句替换
(1)Thereasonwhy/forwhichherefusedtheinvitationisnotclear,
(2)Fromtheyearwhen/inwhichhewasgoingtoschoolhebegantoknowwhathewantedwhenhegrewup.
(3)Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthecityinwhich./whereIwasborn.
[编辑本段](六)判断关系代词与关系副词
方法一:用关系代词,还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词.不及物动词后面无宾语,就必须要求用关系副词或者是介词加关系代词;而及物动词后接宾语,则要求用关系代词.例如:
ThisisthemountainvillagewhereIstayedlastyear.
I'llneverforgetthedayswhenIworkedtogetherwithyou.
判断改错(注:先显示题,再显示答案,横线;用不同的颜色表示出.)
(错)ThisisthemountainvillagewhereIvisitedlastyear.
(错)IwillneverforgetthedayswhenIspentinthecountryside.
(对)Thisisthemountainvillage(which)Ivisitedlastyear.
(对)I'llneverforgetthedays(which)Ispentinthecountryside.
习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词where,when联系在一起.此两题错在关系词的误用上.
方法二:准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、谓、宾、定、状),也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词.例1.Isthismuseum___youvisitedafewdaysago?
A.whereB.thatC.onwhichD.theone
例2.Isthisthemuseum____theexhibitionwasheld?
A.whereB.thatC.onwhichD.theone答案:
例1D,例2A
例1变为肯定句:Thismuseumis___youvisitedafewdaysago.例2变为肯定句:Thisisthemuseum___theexhibitionwasheld.
在句1中,所缺部分为宾语,而where,that,onwhich都不能起到宾语的作用,只有theone既做了主句的表语,又可做从句的宾语,可以省略关系代词,所以应选D.
而句2中,主、谓、宾俱全,从句部分为句子的状语表地点,既可用副词where,又因inthemuseum词组,可用介词in+which引导地点状语.而此题中,介词on用的不对,所以选A.
关系词的选择依据在从句中所做的成分,先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时,选择关系代词(who,whom,that,which,whose);
先行词在从句中做状语时,应选择关系副词(where地点状语,when时间状语,why原因状语).
由as,which引导的非限定性定语从句,as和which可代整个主句,相当于andthis或andthat.As一般http://baike.baidu.com/view/56536.html?wtp=tt放在句首,which在句中.
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