【急用!翻译文章HistoryandHistorians2Thepositionishardlysatisfying.Andwhentheirteachersinform告知themthatthecontroversy论争,辩论overhistoricalinterpretations解释,阐明iswhatlendsexcitementtothestudyofhistor】
急用!翻译文章HistoryandHistorians2
Thepositionishardlysatisfying.Andwhentheirteachersinform告知themthatthecontroversy论争,辩论overhistoricalinterpretations解释,阐明iswhatlendsexcitementtothestudyofhistory,theycanonlyrespond回答,有反应thattheyfeelmoreconfusion混乱,混淆thanexcitement.Theycannothelpbutfeelthattwodiametrically作为直径地,直接地opposed反对的,敌对的pointsofviewaboutaneventcannotbothberight;yettheylacktheabilitytodecidebetweenthem.
Obviously,thereisnoeasysolutiontothisproblem.Historiansdisagreebecauseeachhistorianviewsthepastfromaparticularperspective观点,看法.Oncestudentsgrasp掌握,领会this,theyhavetakenthefirststeptowardbeingabletoevaluate评价,估计theworkofvarioushistorians.Butbeforetheycantakethisfirststep,studentsmustconsideraproblemtheyhavemoreorlesstakenforgranted同意,准予,承认.Theymustaskthemselveswhathistoryreallyis.
Thewordhistoryhasseveralmeanings.Initsbroadestsense,itdenotes指示,表示thewholeofthehumanpast.Morerestricted受限制的,有限的isthenotion概念thathistoryistherecordedpast,thatpartofhumanlifewhichhasleftsomesortofrecordsuchasfolktales,artifacts史前古器物,orwrittendocuments.Finally,historymaybedefined定义,详细说明asthatwhichhistorianswriteaboutthepast.
Ofcourse,thethreemeaningsarerelated.Historiansbasetheiraccounts理由ontheremainsofthepast,leftbypeople.Obviouslytheycannotknoweverythingforthesimplereasonthatnoteveryevent,everyhappening,wasfullyandcompletelyrecorded.Andthefurtherbackonegoesintime,thefeweraretherecordsthatremain.Inthissense,then,thehistoriancanonlyapproximatehistoryinthefirstmeaningabove.
Butthisdoesnotsayenough.Ifhistorianscannotknoweverythingbecausenoteverythingwasrecorded,neitherdotheyusealltherecordsthatareavailable可用到的,可利用的tothem.Rather,historiansselectfromthetotalthoserecordstheydeem认为,相信mostsignificant有意义的,重大的,重要的.Moreover,theyalsore-create重新创作partsofthepastforwhichtheyhavenorecordedevidence.Likedetectives,theypiece接合,修补,凑合togetherevidencetofillinthegapsintheavailablerecords.
有没有不是机器翻译的阿~~~~~~