【Theworldhasbecomeaworldofcities.Withthepresentrateofurbangrowththemajorityofthepopulationoftheworldwillbelivingincitiesbytheyear2000.Thiswilltransformtherural-urbanequation(等式)whichhasmarke】
Theworldhasbecomeaworldofcities.Withthepresentrateofurbangrowththemajorityofthepopulationoftheworldwillbelivingincitiesbytheyear2000.Thiswilltransformtherural-urbanequation(等式)whichhasmarkedthehistoryofmankinduptonowandwillcallfornewparadigms(变化)andagreatdealofinnovation(改革)tofacethisphenomenon.
Thisbeingsoonemustacceptthefactthatforsomeyearstocomenopolicywillbecapableofstoppingorreversing(使…倒退)thepresentmigratorytrends(迁移大潮)fromtheruralareastothecitiesintheThirdWorld.InAfricatheurbanpopulationwillreach330millionpeoplebytheendofthecenturyasagainst150millionin1985.
Thenumberofpeoplelivinginshantytowns(贫民窟)willinevitably(不可避免的)increaseinspiteoftheeffortstoimprovehousingconditions.Africaaloneneedstobuild12millionhousingunitsbetweennowandtheyear2000tomeetitsmostbasicneeds.InanILOstudyM.S.V.Sethuramanestimatesthatin70ThirdWorldcitiestheproportion(比率)ofpeoplelivinginshantytownsvariesfrom15%to70%andthataboutUS$116billionarerequiredtogiveminimumcomforttothesepeoplebytheturnofthecenturylessthanUS$10billionperyear.
Theworldpopulationisgrowingatarateofabout90millionpeopleperyearwiththeThirdWorldaccountingfor80millionofthem.Thepressureoncitiescanonlygoonincreasing.Theurbanpopulationofdevelopingcountrieswillgobeyond2billionpeoplebytheyear2000andsincethemainreasonforthehighdemographic(人口统计)growthispovertytheadditionalpopulationwillbemostlymadeofpeopleofverylimitedmeans(资源).
1.Uptillthetimetheauthorwrotethisarticleagreaterpercentageoftheworldpopulationhaslivedin_____.
A.ruralareasB.urbanareas
C.smalltowns D.bigcities
2.Inspiteoftheeffortstoimprovehousingconditionthenumberofpeoplelivinginshantytownswillincreasebecause_______.
A.housesinshantytownsarecheap
B.shantytownscouldprovidepeoplewithminimumcomfort
C.nopolicywillbeabletostoppeoplefrommovingtothecitiesintheThirdWorld
D.theThirdWorldpopulationisgrowingatarateof80millionperyear