TheFrenchwordrenaissancemeansrebirth.Itwasfirstusedin1855bythehistorianJulesMicheletinhisHistoryofFrancethenadoptedbyhistoriansofculturebyarthistoriansandeventuallybymusichistoriansallofwhom

　　TheFrenchwordrenaissancemeansrebirth.Itwasfirstusedin1855bythehistorianJulesMicheletinhisHistoryofFrancethenadoptedbyhistoriansofculturebyarthistoriansandeventuallybymusichistorians allofwhomappliedittoEuropeancultureduringthe150yearsspanning1450~1600.TheconceptofrebirthwasappropriatetothisperiodofEuropeanhistorybecauseoftherenewedinterestinancientGreekandRomanculturethatbeganinItalyandthenspreadthroughoutEurope.ScholarsandartistsofthefifteenthandsixteenthcenturieswantedtorestorethelearningandidealsoftheclassicalcivilizationsofGreeceandRome.Tothesescholarsthismeantareturntohuman—asopposedtospiritual-values.Fulfillmentinlife—asopposedtoconcernaboutanafterlife—becameadesirablegoalandexpressingtheentirerangeofhumanemotionsandenjoyingthepleasuresofthesenseswerenolongerfrownedon. Artistsandwritersturnedtosecular(非宗教的)aswellasreligioussubjectmatterandsoughttomaketheirworksunderstandableandappealing.

　　ThesechangesinoutlookdeeplyaffectedthemusicalcultureoftheRenaissanceperiod—howpeoplethoughtaboutmusicaswellasthewaymusicwascomposedexperienceddiscussedandcirculated.Theycouldseethearchitecturalmonumentssculptures(雕塑)playsandpoemsthatwerebeingrediscoveredbuttheycouldnotactuallyhearancientmusic—althoughtheycouldreadthewritingsofclassicalphilosopherspoetsessayistsandmusictheoriststhatwerebecomingavailableintranslation.Theylearnedaboutthepowerofancientmusictomovethelistenerandwonderedwhymodernmusicdidnothavethesameeffect.ForexampletheinfluentialreligiousleaderBernardinoCirilloexpresseddisappointmentwiththelearnedmusicofhistime.Heurgedmusicianstofollowtheexampleofthesculptorspaintersarchitectsandscholarswhohadrediscoveredancientartandliterature.

　　ThemusicalRenaissanceinEuropewasmoreageneralculturemovementandstateofmindthanaspecificsetofmusicaltechniques.Furthermoremusicchangedsorapidlyduringthiscenturyandahalf—thoughatdifferentratesindifferentcountries—thatwecannotdefineasingleRenaissancestyle.

　　71.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

　　A.Themusic