A.RealwinnersoftourismB.NegativeeffectsoftourismC.GrowingtourismintheworldD.DevelopingtourismwithcautionE.BenefitstothelocalsfromtourismF.Tourismproblemsandpossiblesolutions61.___OntheMediterraneanislan
A.Realwinnersoftourism
B.Negativeeffectsoftourism
C.Growingtourismintheworld
D.Developingtourismwithcaution
E.Benefitstothelocalsfromtourism
F.Tourismproblemsandpossiblesolutions61.___
OntheMediterraneanislandofMajorcainSpain,thelocalsareangry.Toolate.Inthelastquarterofthe20thcentury,theyobtainedprofitfromforeignvisitorswantingtobuyuppropertyontheirbeautifulisland.Suddenly,itoccurredtoMajorcansthattheislandnolongerbelongedtothem.Its630,000inhabitants(居民)areincreasinglyconvincedthatthe14millionvisitorsayeararefartoomuchofagoodthing.Waterisinshortsupply,pollutionisworsening,andthereisnoaffordablehousingleftforthemtobuy.
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Tourismistheworld'slargestandfastestgrowingindustry.In1950,25millionpeopletraveledabroad; lastyear,itwas750million.TheWorldTourismOrganizationpredictsthat1.6billionpeople,by2020,willtraveleachyear,spendingovertwotrillion(万亿)USdollars.
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Thehostcountrymaynotseemanybenefits.InThailand,60% ofthe $4billionannualtourismincomeleavesthecountry.Touristsarrangebytravelcompaniestendtostayatabigforeign-ownedhotels,buyingfewlocalproducts.Masstourism(团队旅游)usuallyleaveslittlemoneyinsidethecountryandmostofthemoneygoestotheairlines,thetouroperators,andtheforeignhotelowners,whoarethefinalwinnersoftourism.
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Thesedaystheindustry′smosturgentquestionmaybehowtocontroltheflowoftourists.AtypicalexampleofthisisItaly,wheregreatculturalcentersliketheFlorenceandVenicecan′thandleallthetouriststheygeteverysummer.InFlorence,itshalf-millioninhabitantshavetolivewiththepollution,trafficjam,andcrimecausedby11millionvisitorsayear.Nowthereistalkabouthowtosolvetheseproblems,likeraisinghoteltaxes,orevenchangingadmissiontosomepublicsquares.Theideaistodiscourageatleastsomevisitors,aswellastopayforcleaningupthemess.
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Formanypoorercountries,tourismmaystillofferthebesthopefordevelopment.TheVietnamesearedoingtheirbestto