阅读理解AlthoughtherearenostatecontrolledsurvivalcoursesinBritainortheUnitedStatestherearevariousindependentorganizationsofferingsimilaractivities．Studentscanparticipate(tak

　　阅读理解

　　AlthoughtherearenostatecontrolledsurvivalcoursesinBritainortheUnitedStatestherearevariousindependentorganizationsofferingsimilaractivities．Studentscanparticipate(takepart)inoutdoortrainingcoursesthroughuniversityclubsandsocieties．Anyonecanregisterwithsuchgroupswhichthenorganizecoursestrainingandtripsforallmembers．

　　OneofthemostpopularoutdoortrainingprogrammesinboththeUSandBritainisOutwardBound(户外训练)．Itwasfoundedin1941inWalesandattractshundredsofthousandsofadventuroustypeseveryyear．Thecoursesareintendedtobroadenmindsthroughexperiencesthatbuildconfidenceself-esteem(自尊)andcharacter．Aswellasspecialistcoursessuchascanoeingleadershipskillsandsailingparticipantscantakepartinweeklongadventuretrainingcampswhichincludeahostofsportsandsurvivaltrainingeducationskills．

　　MichaelWilliamsanAmericanstudenttookpartinanOutwardBoundcourselastyear．Hesaid：“Welearnedlotsoffirstaidskillslotsofnaturalhistorylotsofenvironmentalfactsandparticipatedinawildlifepreservationprogramme．Beyondthatmyfavoriteskillslearnedweresailingandrockclimbing．”Coursescanlastupto40daysandareopentoanyoneovertheageof14．Studentsmustbeingeneralgoodhealthbutdonotneedtobeexperiencedinoutdoor-sports．Thereisnoselectionprocess；everyoneiswelcomealthoughnewparticipantsareadvisedtopickacoursematchingtheirphysicalcapacity．MostoftheBritishcoursestakeplaceintheBreconBeaconsinWales．AnothersimilarorganizationistheUKSurvivalSchoolwhichincludescoursesonlearningto1ivewiththeenvironmentsailingandwintersurvival．Onabasicsurvivalweekendstudentswilllearnhowtogetwaterandfoodhowtomakefireandcookwithittofindandbuildasheltercontrolsurvivallifesupporthowtocrossrivers．Sendoffadistresssignalandtousecompasses(指南针)bydayandnight．

　　Accordingtotheleaderssuchadventuresare“anawakeninganexplorationintotheunknown．”OutwardBound