【Thepracticeofstudentsendlesslycopyinglettersandsentencesfromablackboardisathingofthepast．Withthecomingofnewtechnologieslikecomputersandsmartphones，writingbyhandhasbecomesomethingofnostalgic（怀旧的）skill．】

　　Thepracticeofstudentsendlesslycopyinglettersandsentencesfromablackboardisathingofthepast．Withthecomingofnewtechnologieslikecomputersandsmartphones，writingbyhandhasbecomesomethingofnostalgic（怀旧的）skill．However，whiletoday'seducatorsareusingmoreandmoretechnologyintheirteaching，manybelievebasichandwritingskillsarestillnecessaryforstudentstobesuccessful---bothinschoolandinlife．

　　VirginiaBerninger，professorofeducationalpsychologyattheUniversityofWashington，saysit'simportanttocontinueteachinghandwritingandhelpchildrenacquiretheskillofwritingbyhand．

　　Berningerandhercolleaguesconductedastudythatlookedattheabilityofstudentstocompletevariouswritingtasks---bothonacomputerandbyhand．Thestudy，publishedin2009，foundthatwhenwritingwithapenandpaper，participantswrotelongeressaysandmorecompletesentencesandhadafasterwordproductionrate．

　　Inamorerecentstudy，Berningerlookedatwhatrolespellingplaysinastudent'swritingskillsandfoundthathowwellchildrenspellistiedtohowwelltheycanwrite．"Spellingmakessomeofthethinkingpartsofthebrainactivewhichhelpsusaccessourvocabulary，wordmeaningandconcepts．Itisallowingourwrittenlanguagetoconnectwithideas．"Berningersaid．

　　Spellinghelpsstudentstranslateideasintowordsintheirmindfirstandthentranscribe（转换）"thosewordsinthemindintowrittensymbolsonpaperorkeyboardandscreen，"thestudysaid．Seeingthewordsinthe"mind'seye"helpschildrennotonlytoturntheirideasintowords，saysBerninger，butalsotospot（发现）spellingmistakeswhentheywritethewordsdownandtocorrectthemovertime．

　　"Inourcomputerage，somepeoplebelievethatwedon'thavetoteachspellingbecausewehavespellchecks，"shesaid．"Butuntilachildhasafunctionalspellingabilityofaboutafifthgradelevel，theywon'thavetheknowledgetochoosethecorrectspellingamongtheoptionsgivenbythecomputer．"

　　67．Whatmakeswritingbyhandathingofthepast？___

　　A．Theabsenceofblackboardinclassroom．

　　B．Thelackofpracticeinhandwriting．

　　C．Theuseofnewtechnologi