【FormanystudentsintheUKtoday,decidingwhetherornottogotouniversitycanbeasmuchaboutaffordabilityasitisaboutambitionandaspiration.Inthepast,studentsintheUKcouldapplytoauniversityorcollege.Theyweresurethat】

　　FormanystudentsintheUKtoday,decidingwhetherornottogotouniversitycanbeasmuchaboutaffordabilityasitisaboutambitionandaspiration.

　　Inthepast,studentsintheUKcouldapplytoauniversityorcollege.Theyweresurethateveniftheycamefromalowincomefamily,theirtuitionfeesandsomeoftheirliving(ormaintenance)costswouldbecoveredbyalocalauthoritygrant(拨款).Auniversityeducationwas,inafinancialsense,opentoallandthenumberofstudentsattendinguniversitygrewyearly.

　　Sadly,itseems,thosedaysarelonggone.Theturningpointcamein1998,whentheLabourGovernmentintroducedtuitionfeesof￡1,000ayearand,insteadofgivingstudentsamaintenancegrant,askedthemtocovertheirownlivingexpenseswitharepayablestudentloan.Onlystudentsonthelowestincomeswereentitledtoagrant.

　　Thefloodgateshadbeenopened.Astimepassed,theceilingontuitionfeesrose,andalthoughapplicantsfromScotland,NorthernIrelandandWalesstillqualifiedforvaryinglevelsofsubsidy(补贴),by2009/10studentsinEnglandoftenfoundthemselvesfacingtuitionfeesover￡3,000ayear.

　　In2011theGovernmentannouncedthat,from2012,universitiescouldchargefeesofupto￡9,000ayear.AlthoughtheGovernmentsweetenedthepillbystatingthatpostgraduatesdidnothavetobeginrepayingtheirstudentloansuntiltheywereearningmorethan￡21,000ayear,thenewscreatedover-dissatisfaction.Manystudentsarguedthatitwasunfairthatstudentsshouldhavetobegintheirworklifeloadedwithhugedebt,whileotherscomplainedthatthechangeswouldbringbackaclassdividetouniversityeducation.Theseviewswerereflectedinthenumberofstudentsapplyingforauniversityplace,whichbyJanuary2012fellbymorethan22,000.TheUniversitiesMinister,DavidWilletts,stoodbythedecisiontoincreasetuitionfees,sayingthattheywouldnot“putuniversities’financeonabearablefooting”andthattheywouldaccelerate“astrongerfocusonhighqualityteaching.”

　　小题1:Fromthefirstparagraph,wecaninferthat_____inattendinguniversity.A．affordabilityplaysmoreimportantrolesthanambitionandaspirationB．ambitionandaspirationaremoreimportantthanaffordability