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  【IfyouaskpeopletonametheonepersonwhohadthegreatesteffectontheEnglishlanguageyouwillgetanswerslike“Shakespeare”“SamuelJohnson”and“Webster”butnoneofthesemenhadanye】

  IfyouaskpeopletonametheonepersonwhohadthegreatesteffectontheEnglishlanguageyouwillgetanswerslike“Shakespeare”“SamuelJohnson”and“Webster”butnoneofthesemenhadanyeffectatallcomparedtoamanwhodidn'tevenspeakEnglish-WilliamtheConqueror.

  Before1066inthelandwenowcallGreatBritainlivedpeoplebelongingtotwomajorlanguagegroups.Inthewest-centralregionintheWelshwhospokeaCelticlanguageandinthenorthlivedtheScotswhoselanguagethoughtnotthesameasWelshwasalsoCeltic.IntherestofthecountrylivedtheSaxonsactuallyamixtureofAnglosSaxonsandotherGermanicandNordicpeopleswhospokewhatwenowcallAnglo-Saxon(orOldEnglish)aGermaniclanguage.IfthisstateofaffairshadlastedEnglishtodaywouldbeclosetoGerman.

  Butthisstateofaffairsdidnotlast.In1066theNormansledbyWilliamdefeatedtheSaxonsandbegantheirruleoverEngland.ForaboutacenturyFrenchbecametheofficiallanguageofEnglandwhileOldEnglishbecamethelanguageofpeasant.AsaresultEnglishwordsofpoliticsandthelawcomefromFrenchratherthanGerman.InsomecasesmodernEnglishevenshowsadistinction(区别)betweenupperclassFrenchandlower-classAnglo-Saxoninitswords.WeevenhavedifferentwordsforsomefoodsmeatinparticulardependingonwhetheritisstilloutinthefieldsorathomereadytobecookedwhichshowsthefactthattheSaxonpeasantsweredoingfarmingwhiletheupper-classNormansweredoingmostoftheeating.

  WhenAmericansvisitEuropeforthefirsttimetheyusuallyfindGermanymore“foreign”thanFrancebecausetheGermantheyseeonsignsandadvertisementsseemsmuchmoredifferentfromEnglishthanFrenchdoes.FewrealizethattheEnglishlanguageisactuallyGermanicinitsbeginningandthattheFrenchinfluencesarealltheresultofoneman'sambition.

  (1)

  ThetwomajorlanguagesspokeninwhatisnowcalledGreatBritainbefore1066were________.

1回答
2020-12-18 20:03
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刘学铮

  答案:1.C;2.A;3.C;4.D;

  解析:

  (1)这是一道细节理解题。从第二段可知,在1066年前,在英国主要说两种语言——Celtic和OldEnglish。(2)从第三段可知,当时在英国,凡是政治、法律和供Normans上层阶级吃的食物,其名称都来源于法语。(3)这是一道推断题。从第四段第一句话“WhenAmericansvisitEuropeforthefirsttimetheyusuallyfindGermanymoreforeignthanFrancebecausetheGermantheyseeonsignsandadvertisementsseemsmuchmoredifferentfromEnglishthanFrenchdoes.”可知法语单词与英语单词比较相似。(4)这是一道主旨题。通读全文可知,短文主要讨论了法语对英语的影响。

2020-12-18 20:03:45

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