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  阅读理解ThroughaseriesofexperimentsanAmericanscientisthasobtainedanunderstandingofthesocialstructureofthemostcomplexofantsocieties.Theantsexaminedaretheonlycreaturesotherthanmantohavegiveup

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  ThroughaseriesofexperimentsanAmericanscientisthasobtainedanunderstandingofthesocialstructureofthemostcomplexofantsocieties.Theantsexaminedaretheonlycreaturesotherthanmantohavegiveuphuntingandcollectingforacompletelyagriculturalwayoflife.Intheirundergroundneststheycultivate(耕作、培植)gardensonsoilmadefromfinelychopped(捣碎)leaves.Thisisacomplexoperationrequiringconsiderabledivisionoflabour.Theworkersofthistypeofantcanbedividedintofourgroupsaccordingtosize.Eachofthegroupsperformsaparticularsetofjobs.

  Themakingandcareofthegardensandthenursingoftheyoungantsaredonebythesmallestworkers.Slightlylargerworkersareresponsibleforchoppingupleavestomakethemsuitableforuseinthegardensandforcleaningthenest.Athirdgroupofstilllargerantsdotheconstructionworkandcollectfreshleavesfromoutsidethenest.Thelargestarethesoldierants,responsiblefordefendingthenest.

  Tofindouthowgoodthevarioussize-groupsareatdifferenttasksthescientistmeasuredtheamountofworkdonebytheantsagainsttheamountofenergytheyused.Heexaminedfirstthegatheringandcarryingofleaves.heselectedoneofthesizegroupsandthenmeasuredhowefficientlytheseantscouldfindleavesandrunbacktothenest.Thenherepeatedtheexperimentforeachoftheother-size-groups.Inthiswayhecouldseewhetheranygroupcoulddothejobmoreefficientlythanthegroupnormallyundertakingit.

  Theintermediate-sizedantsthatnormallyperformthistaskprovedtobethemostefficientfortheirenergycostsbutwhenthescientistexaminedthewholesetofjobsperformedbyeachgroupofantsitappearedthatsomesizesofworkerantwerenotideallysuitedtotheparticularjobstheyperformed.

  1.Inwhichwayaretheantsdifferentfromothernonhumansocieties?

  []

  A.Theydonotneedtosearchforfood.

  B.Theydonotneedtolookforshelter.

  C.Individualsvaryinsocialstatus.

  D.Individualsperformdifferentfunctions(作用)

  2.Itseemsthatsmallerantsperformmoreofthe_____.

  []

  A.constructiontasks.

  B.hometasks.

  C.defensivework

  D.heavy

1回答
2020-12-19 04:35
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艾池

  答案:D;B;B;B

2020-12-19 04:37:24

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