TheextraordinaryEastgateBuildi-查字典问答网

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　　TheextraordinaryEastgateBuildinginHarareZimbabwe’scapitalcityissaidtobetheonlyoneintheworldtousethesamecoolingandheatingprinciplesasthetermitemound(白蚁堆).ArchitectMickPearceusedpreciselythesamest

　　TheextraordinaryEastgateBuildinginHarareZimbabwe’scapitalcityissaidtobetheonlyoneintheworldtousethesamecoolingandheatingprinciplesasthetermitemound(白蚁堆).

　　ArchitectMickPearceusedpreciselythesamestrategywhendesigningtheEastgateBuildingwhichhasnoair-conditioningandalmostnoheating.Thebuilding—thecountry’slargestcommercialandshoppingcomplex—useslessthan10%oftheenergyofaconventionalbuildingofitssize.TheEastgate’sownerssaved$3.5millionona$36millionbuildingbecauseanair-conditioningplantdidn’thavetobeimported.

　　Thecomplexisactuallytwobuildingslinkedbybridgesacrossashadyglass-roofedatrium(天井)opentotheair.Fanssuckfreshairinfromtheatriumblowitupstairsthroughhollowspacesunderthefloorsandfromthereintoeachofficethroughbaseboardvents(通风口).Asitrisesandwarmsitisdrawnoutviaceilingventsandfinallyexiststhroughforty-eightbrickchimneys.

　　Duringsummer’scoolnightsbigfansblowairthroughthebuildingseventimesanhourtocooltheemptyfloors.Bydaysmallerfansblowtwochangesofairanhourthroughthebuildingtocirculatetheairwhichhasbeenincontactwiththecoolfloors.Forwinterdaystherearesmallheatersinthevents.

　　ThisisallpossibleonlybecauseHarareis1600feetabovesealevelhascloudlessskieslittledampnessandrapidtemperatureswings—daysaswarmas31℃commonlydropto14℃atnight.“Youcouldn’tdothisinNewYorkwithitsfantasticallyhotsummersandfantasticallycoldwinters”Pearcesaid.

　　TheengineeringfirmofOveArup&Partnersmonitorsdailytemperatures.Itisfoundthatthetemperatureofthebuildinghasgenerallystayedbetween23℃and25℃withtheexceptionoftheannualhotperiodjustbeforethesummerrainsinOctoberandthreedaysinNovemberwhenadoorkeeperaccidentallyswitchedoffthefansatnight.Andtheairisfresh—farmoresothaninair-conditionedbuildingswhereupto30%oftheairisrecycled.

　　【小题1】WhywasEastgatecheapertobebuiltthanaconventionalbuilding?

　　A．Itwasdesignedinasmallersize.B．Noairconditionerswerefixedin.C．Itsheatingsystemwaslessadvanced.D．Itu

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2020-12-18 22:31

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刘绍忠

　　【小题1】B

　　【小题2】A

　　【小题3】D

　　【小题4】B解析

　　分析：

　　本文讲新型的建筑Eastgate它比传统的建筑省钱，因为不需要装空调，它是利用天井和风扇把外面新鲜空气吸到办公室里面，这样空气即新鲜又经济。

　　【小题1】细节题：从第二段的句子：TheEastgate’sownerssaved$3.5millionona$36millionbuildingbecauseanair-conditioningequipmentdidn’thavetobeimported.可知Eastgate比传统的建筑便宜，因为它不需要装空调，选B

　　【小题2】指代题：从第三段的句子：Fanssuckfreshairinfromtheatriumblowitupstairsthroughhollowspacesunderthefloorsandfromthereintoeachofficethroughbaseboardvents(通风口).可知新鲜空气一个通过通风口，另外当它上升变暖，最后通过被烟囱从天花板吸走，可知这里的it指“新鲜空气”，选A

　　【小题3】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段提到ThisisallpossibleonlybecauseHarareis1600feetabovesealevelhascloudlessskieslittledampnessandrapidtemperatureswings—daysaswarmas31℃commonlydropto14℃atnight.“Youcouldn’tdothisinNewYorkwithitsfantasticallyhotsummersandfantasticallycoldwinters得知只有一定海拔高度，并且白天的气温30度而夜晚气温14度的条件才能实现，而纽约的天气是季节变化而不是天，选D

　　【小题4】细节理解题。根据最后一段提到Itisfoundthatthetemperatureofthebuildinghasgenerallystayedbetween23℃and25℃除了theannualhotperiodjustbeforethesummerrainsinOctoberandthreedaysinNovemberwhenadoorkeeperaccidentallyswitchedoffthefansatnight得知建筑物内的温度保持在23到25度，除10月与11月的雨季之外。所以这个系统一年的大部分时间都能用，选B

　　考点：

　　考查科普类阅读。

2020-12-18 22:34:50

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