Wilderness“Inwilderness(荒野)isthepreservationoftheworld.”Thisisafamoussayingfromawriterregardedasoneofthefathersofenvironmentalism.Thefrequencywithwhichitisborrowedmirrorsaheateddebateonenvironmental

　　Wilderness

　　“Inwilderness(荒野)isthepreservationoftheworld.”Thisisafamoussayingfromawriterregardedasoneofthefathersofenvironmentalism.Thefrequencywithwhichitisborrowedmirrorsaheateddebateonenvironmentalprotection:whethertoplacewildernessattheheartofwhatistobepreserved.

　　AsJohnSauvenofGreenpeaceUKpointsoutthereisastrongappealinimagesofthewildtheuntouched;morethananythingelsetheyspeakofthenaturethatmanypeoplevaluemostdearly.Theurgetoleavethesubjectofsuchimagesuntouchedisstrongandthedangerexploitation(开发)bringstosuchlandscapes(景观)isreal.Someofthesewildernessesalsoperformfunctionsthathumansneed—therainforestsforexamplestorecarboninvastquantities.ToMr.Sauventhese”ecosystemservices”faroutweighthegainsfromexploitation.

　　LeeLaneavisitingfellowattheHudsonInstitutetakestheopposingview.Heacknowledgesthatwildernessesdoprovideusefulservicessuchaswaterconservation.Butthatisnothearguesareasontoavoidallhumanpresenceorindeedcommercialandindustrialexploitation.ThereareevermorepeopleontheEarthandtheyreasonablyandrightfullywanttohavebetterlivesratherthanmerelystruggleforsurvival.Whilethewaysofusingresourceshaveimprovedthereisstillagrowingneedforrawmaterialsandsomewildernessescontaintheminabundance.Iftheycanbetappedwithoutreducingtheservicesthosewildernessesprovidetheargumentgoesthereisnofurtherreasonnottodoso.Beinguntouchedisnotinitselfacharacteristicworthvaluingaboveallothers.

　　Ilookforwardstoseeingtheseviewstakenfurtherandtotheirbeingchallengedbytheotherparticipants.Onechallengethatsuggestsitselftomeisthatbothcasesneedtotakeonthequestionofspiritualvaluealittlemoredirectly.Andthereisapracticalquestionastowhetherwildernessescanbeexploitedwithoutharm.

　　Thisisatopicthatcallsfornotonlyfreeexpressionoffeelingsbutalsotheguidanceofreason.Whatpositionwildernessshouldenjoyinthepreservationoftheworldobviouslydeservesmuchmoreseriousthinking.

　　【小题1】JohnSauvenholdsthat_____.

　　A．manypeoplevaluenaturetoomuchB