（一）作定语

　　1. 动词现在分词单独作定语，通常放在所修饰词前。例如：

　　The sleeping boy is Tom.

　　2. 现在分词短语作定语放在所修饰词的后面，意思同定语从句差不多。例如 ：

　　Tell the children playing outside not to make too much noise. = Tell the children who are playing outside not to make too much noise.

　　3. 现在分词可相当于非限制性定语，常用逗号分开。例如：

　　Tom, wearing beautiful clothes, followed me down the hill. = Tom, who is wearing beautiful clothes, followed me down the hill.

　　4. 有时现在分词可以和副词或名词构成复合词作定语。例如：

　　This is an English-speaking country.

　　注意：现在分词作定语时表示动作正在进行或与谓语动词所表示的动作几乎同时发生。如果两个动作有先有后，一般不能用现在分词作定语，而要用定语从句。如：

　　The teacher criticized the student who had broken the window.

　　①现在分词作定语

　　A．现在分词作定前置时静感强，而后置的现在分词动感强。如：

　　The working people are the wisest.

　　The farmers working here are very busy.

　　能前置的现在分词为数不太多，常见的大都是已被形容词化了的现在分词，前常有程度副词，有些现在分词甚至还有比较等级。如：

　　I have brought very exciting news to you.

　　This is the most exciting story that I have ever read.

　　B．有些现在分词作定语时表示正在发生的动作，这些现在分词若改为定语从句宜用进行时态。如：

　　Did you tell the children playing there not to make any noise ?

　　Did you tell the children who were playing there not to make any noise ?

　　The American president visiting China now will return on Saturday.

　　The American president who is visiting China now will return on Saturday.

　　有些现在分词作定语时表示经常性动作或现在（或当时）的状态。此类现在人词若改为定语从句宜用一般时态，而不宜用进行时态。如：They stayed at a hotel standing (which stood) by the lake.

　　The temple standing (that stood) on top of the hill was built in the Ming Dynasty.

　　现在分词的用法

　　（一）作定语

　　1. 动词现在分词单独作定语，通常放在所修饰词前。例如：

　　The sleeping boy is Tom.

　　2. 现在分词短语作定语放在所修饰词的后面，意思同定语从句差不多。例如 ：

　　Tell the children playing outside not to make too much noise. = Tell the children who are playing outside not to make too much noise.

　　3. 现在分词可相当于非限制性定语，常用逗号分开。例如：

　　Tom, wearing beautiful clothes, followed me down the hill. = Tom, who is wearing beautiful clothes, followed me down the hill.

　　4. 有时现在分词可以和副词或名词构成复合词作定语。例如：

　　This is an English-speaking country.