阅读理解IfyouweretocomeupwithalistoforganizationswhosefailureshaddonethemostdamagetotheAmericaneconomyinrecentyearsyouwouldprobablyhavetostartwiththeWallStreet

　　阅读理解

　　IfyouweretocomeupwithalistoforganizationswhosefailureshaddonethemostdamagetotheAmericaneconomyinrecentyearsyouwouldprobablyhavetostartwiththeWallStreetfirmsthatbroughtusthefinancialcrisis．FromthereyoumightmoveontotheautomakersinDetroit．

　　ButIwouldsuggestthatthelistshouldalsoincludealessobviousnominee(被提名)：publiceducation．

　　AtitstopleveltheAmericansystemofhighereducationmaybethebestintheworld．Yetintermsofitscoremission(核心使命)-turningteenagersintoeducatedcollegegraduates…muchofthesystemisfailing．

　　TheUnitedStatesdoesagoodjobenrolling(招生)teenagersincollegebutonlyhalfofthestudentswhoenrollendupwithabachelor'sdegree．

　　Soidentifyingthecausesofthecollegedropoutcrisisintheworld'slargesteconomymattersenormouslyandanewbookcalled“CrossingtheFinishLine”triestodopreciselythat．ItsauthorsareeconomistsWilliamBowenandMichaelMcPhersonandadoctoralcandidateMatthewChingos．Thefirstproblemtheydiagnoseissomethingtheycallunder-matching．Itreferstostudentswhochoosenottoattendthebestcollegetheycangetinto．Theyinsteadgotoalessselectiveoneperhapsonethatisclosertohomeorlessexpensive．Abouthalfofthelow-incomestudentswithanaverageofatleast3．5inhighschoolandanSATscoreofatleast1200donotattendthebestcollegetheycouldhave．“Iwasreallyastonishedbythedegreetowhichwell-qualifiedstudentsfrompoorfamiliesunder-matched”saidMr．Bowen．

　　Infactwell-offstudentsattendthecollegesthatdothebestjobofproducinggraduates．Meanwhilelower-incomestudents-evenwhentheyarebetterqualified－oftengotocollegesthatexcel(擅长)inproducingdrop-outs．“It'sreallyawaste”Mr．Bowensaid“andabigproblemforthecountry．”Astheauthorspointouttheonlywaytoliftthecollegegraduationratesignificantlyistoliftitamongpoorandworking-classstudents．Insteaditappearstohavefallen．

　　Whatcanbedone?Moneyisclearlypartoftheanswer．