【Disposing(处理)ofwastehasbeenaproblemsincehumansstartedproducingit.Asmoreandmorepeoplechoosetoliveclosetogetherincities,thewaste-disposalproblembecomesIncreasinglydifficult.Duringtheeighteenthcentury,itwasusual】

　　Disposing(处理)ofwastehasbeenaproblemsincehumansstartedproducingit.Asmoreandmorepeoplechoosetoliveclosetogetherincities,thewaste-disposalproblembecomesIncreasinglydifficult.

　　Duringtheeighteenthcentury,itwasusualforseveralneighboringtownstogettogethertoselectafarawayspotasadumpsite.Residentsortrashhaulers(垃圾拖运者)wouldtransporthouseholdrubbish,rottedwood,andoldpossessionstothesite.Periodically(定期的)someofthetrashwasburnedandtherestwasburied.Theunpleasantsightsandsmellscausednoproblembecausenobodylivedcloseby.

　　Factories,mills,andotherindustrialsitesalsohadwastetobedisposedof.Thoselocatedonriversoftenjustdumpedtheunwantedremainsintothewater.Othersbuilthugeburnerswithchimneystodealwiththeproblem.

　　Severalfactsmakethesechoicesunacceptabletomodernsociety.ThefirstproblemisspaceDumps,whicharenowcalledlandfills,aremostneededinheavilypopulatedareas.Suchareasrarelyhaveemptylandsuitableforthispurpose.Propertyiseithertooexpensiveortooclosetoresidential(住宅区的)neighborhoods.Long-distancetrashhaulinghasbeenacommonpracticebutoncefarmareasarerefusingtoacceptrubbishfromelsewhere,cheaplandwithintruckingdistanceofmajorcityareasisalmostnonexistent.

　　Awareness(意识)ofpollutiondangershasresultedinmorestrictrulesofwastedisposal.Pollutionofrivers,groundwater,landandairisapricepeoplecannolongerpaytogetridofwaste.Theamountofwaste,however,continuestogrow.

　　Recyclingeffortshavebecomecommonplace,andmanytownsrequiretheirpeopletotakepart.Evenhemostefficientrecyclingprograms,however,canhopetodealwithonlyabout50Percentofacity’sreusablewaste.

　　小题1:Themostsuitabletitleforthispassagewouldbe_______.A．PlacesforDisposingWasteB．WastePollutionDangersC．WaysofGettingRidofWasteD．WasteDisposalProblem小题2:Duringthe18thcentury,peopledisposedtheirwasteinmanywaysEXCEPTfor_______.A．buryingitB．recyclingitC．burningitD．throwingitintorivers