Fromlosingweighttoquittingsmoking，eachDecemberpeoplearoundtheworldmakeaNewYear'sresolution（决心）．Butstudieshaveshownthatdespitetheirbesteffort，mostwillfail．ProfessorPeterHerman，apsychologylecturerattheU

　　Fromlosingweighttoquittingsmoking，eachDecemberpeoplearoundtheworldmakeaNewYear'sresolution（决心）．Butstudieshaveshownthatdespitetheirbesteffort，mostwillfail．

　　ProfessorPeterHerman，apsychologylecturerattheUniversityofTorontosaysthatthereasonswhyresolutionsfailareclear．"Theyarenotrealisticinsomeorallofthefollowingrespects：peoplethinkthattheycanchangethemselvesmorequickly；theythinkthattheycanchangemuchmorethananyoneelse；ortheythinktheycanchangeeverythingmoreeasily．"

　　ProfessorHermansuggeststhattheissuemaybeacycleoffailureandrenewedeffort．whichhecalls"thefalse-hopesyndrome"（虚妄期盼综合征）．Thecyclebeginswithadifficultself-changetask．suchasovereatingorsmoking-commonyetrarelysuccessfulchanges．Whilepeoplemaymakesomeinitialprogressinthetask，eventuallytheyfailtoachievetheirgoal．Havingfailed，theyinterprettheirfailuretoconvincethemselvesthatwithafewadjustmentstheywillsucceed．Finally，theybegintoembarkonanotherattempt，andthecyclerepeats．

　　Inhispaperonthetopic，ProfessorHermanandhisco-author，JanetPolivy，write，"Peopletendtomakethesameresolutionsyearafteryear，vowingonaveragel0timestogetridofaparticularvice（恶习）．"Obviously，everyrenewedvowrepresentsacertainfailure；otherwise，therewouldbenoneedforyetanotherattempt．Equallyobviously，unsuccessfulattemptsdonotdecreasethechanceofmakingfuturepallsforself-change．Eventhosewhoarefinallysuccessfulatstickingtotheirresolutionsmaketheattemptfiveorsixtimesonaveragebeforesucceeding．

　　Expectingtomakeabreakthroughisnotagoodway，soProfessorHermansaysthatthebestwayofstickingtoyourresolutionistoexpectthechangeslittlebylittleratherthanamajortransformation．HetoldMailOnline，"Oftenthismeansscalingback（缩减）yourresolutiontosomethingthatisactuallymanageable．"

　　32．WhydomostpeoplefailintheirNewYear'sresolutionsaccordingtoProfessorHerman？___

　　A．Theydoesn'tdotheirbestatall．

　　B．Theymakeunrealisticresolutions．

　　C．Theywanttostayunchanged．

　　D．Theychangethemfrequently．