动词三单变化规则
动词三单变化规则
动词三单变化规则
动词三单变化规则
一:动词原形变第三人称单数的变化规则与发音规律同名词单数变复数大致相同.主要有:
(1)大多数动词在词尾加“s”在清辅音后发音为[s],在浊辅音及元音后发音为[z].(发音的例外情况在第(5))
如:①stop-stops[s];make-makes[s];②read-reads[z];play-plays[z]
(2)以辅音字母加“y”结尾的,要先将“y”变为“i”,然后在加“es”读[z]
如:fly-flies[z];study-studies[z];worry-worries[z]
(3)以“s,x,ch,sh”结尾的,在词尾加“es”,发音为[iz]
如:teach-teaches[iz];watch-watches[iz]
(4)以“o”结尾的动词,加“es”,读[z]
如:go-goes[z];do-does[z]
下面几个动词变为单数时,原词的元音部分的发音发生了较大的变化,请注意记忆.
如:1、do[du:]-does[d?z];2、say[sei]-says[sez]
(5)以不发音字母“e”结尾的开音节词,如果尾音是[s],[z]时,加“s”后字母“e”发音,与所加“s”一起读做[iz].
如:close-closes[iz]
二:在现在进行时中,动词通常要改为-ing形式,也就是动词通常要变为现在分词.变化规则是:
(1)直接在动词后面加-ing.
如:
1.do-doing做2.stand-standing站3.sleep-sleeping睡觉
4.eat-eating吃5.sing-singing唱6.drink-drinking喝
7.read-reading读8.look-looking看9.walk-walking散步
10.watch-watching看11.draw-drawing画12.fly-flying飞
13.open-opening打开14.jump-jumping跳15.do-doing做
16.paint-painting绘画17.pick-picking捡18.play-playing玩
19.talk-talking说话20.cook-cooking烹饪21.see-seeing看见
22.learn-earning学习23.catch-catching抓住24.climb-climbing爬
25.count-counting数数26.clean-cleaning打扫27.fish-fishing钓鱼
(2)以不发音的e结尾的要去e加-ing.
如:
1.come–coming来2.dance-dancing跳舞3.close-closing关
4.make–making制造5.ride–riding骑6.write-writing写
7.take-taking拿走8.dance-dancing跳舞9.move–moving移动;搬
10.have–having有11.leave-leaving离开
(3)重读闭音节,双写最后一个辅音字母,再加-ing.
如:
1.sit-sitting做2.swim-swimming游泳3.run-running跑
4.cut–cutting切5.put–putting放6.get-getting得到
7.shop-shopping购物8.begin-beginning开始9.stop-stopping停止
(4)以ie结尾的动词,变ie为y,再加ing;主要要记住两个单词.(非重点,提提就可以了)
lie-liying(说谎)die-dying(死亡)
三:一般过去时主要体现在动词的形式要用过去式,动词又分为不规则动词和规则动词.其变化规则有:
A.规则动词的过去式
①一般是直接在动词的后面加ed;
如:1.work-worked工作2.learn-learned学习3.clean-cleaned清洁4.visit-visited拜访,参观
②以e结尾的动词直接加d;
如:1.live-lived居住2.dance-danced跳舞3.use-used使用
③以辅音字母加y结尾的动词要改y为i再加ed (此类动词较少)
如:1.study–studied学习2.carry–carried搬动3.worry–worried担心而以元音字母加y结尾的动词的变化规则也是直接加ed
如:play-played玩stay-stayed停留;依靠
④双写最后一个字母(此类动词非常少)
如:stop-stopped
B.不规则动词(此类词并无规则,须熟记)小学阶段要记住以下动词的原形和过去式(一下内容还是过多,有些比较少见):
1.sing–sang唱歌2.eat–ate吃3.see–saw看
4.have–had有5.do–did做6.go–went去
7.take–took带走8.buy–bought买9.get–got到达
10.read–read阅读11.fly–flew飞12.am/is–was是,有
13.are–were是,有14.say–said说15.leave–left离开
16.swim–swam游泳17.tell–told告诉18.draw–drew画画
19.come–came来20.lose–lost失去21.find–found找到
22.drink–drank喝23.hurt–hurt受伤24.feel–felt感到
25.put-put放置26.drive-drove开车27.write-wrote写
28.win-won赢29.begin-began开始30.sit-sat坐
31.give-gave给32.catch-caught抓住33.teach-taught教
34.sleep-slept睡觉35.sweep-swept打扫36.know-knew知道