求cost,spend,take,pay起四个词的用法怎样才-查字典问答网
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  求cost,spend,take,pay起四个词的用法怎样才不会用混淆他们啊特别是cost和take

  求cost,spend,take,pay

  起四个词的用法怎样才不会用混淆他们啊特别是cost和take

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2020-01-20 03:15
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蒋泽军

  spend,take,cost和pay的用法

  这四个词都有花费的意思.cost指花钱、时间、劳力等;take主要指花时间;pay指花钱;spend指花时间、钱等.cost常以事物做主语,而不以人作主语.初中阶段关于“花钱”,“花费时间”的词常见的有以下五个:buy,cost,pay(for),spend和take.很多学生对这几个词的词义和用法似懂非懂,用起来往往出错.其实这些词都与钱物有关,与时间有关的只有take和spend.下面具体谈一谈其用法:

  1.buy,get也可表示此意,给某人买东西、饭、饮料等,主语是人.其常见结构为tobuysb.sth.或tobuysth.forsb.

  Iboughtthisbookfor15yuan.

  Wouldyoupleasebuymeadictionary?

  Letmebuy/getyouadrink.

  Buyoneforme.

  2.cost指花钱,表示价值或代价(此代价可以是时间).主语是事或物或动词不定式短语.

  其常见结构是tocostsb.somemoney.

  Thebookcosts50fen.

  Thedictionarycostme6yuan.

  Theworkcostsmuchtimeandlabour.

  3.pay(for),pay表示付给人家钱、帐单等;payfor表示买东西付款,也表示替别人付钱.主语是人.其常见结构是topaysb.somemoney,paymoneyforsth.

  Youmustpayme100yuanaweekforyourmeals.

  Ihavepaidallmydebts.

  Howmuchdidyoupayforthatbook?

  Don'tworryaboutmoney.I'llpayforyou.

  4.spend指花钱,花费时间.主语是人.其常见结构分别为tospendmoneyonsth.,spendtime(in)doingsth..

  Ispentsixyuanonanewdictionary.

  —Howdoyouspendyoursparetime?

  —Ispendmysparetimewritingbooks.

  5.take指花钱(=cost)

  Ittakes/costsmealotofmoneytobuyabighouse.

  =Tobuyabighousetakes/costsmealotofmoney.

  take用来说明做某事需要多少时间,有三种不同的结构:

  1)主语是人

  Itookhalfanhourtogethomeyesterday.

  Shetookthewholedaytoreadthenovel.

  2)主语是某种活动

  Thejourneytookmehalfanhour.

  Readingthenoveltookherthewholeday.

  3)用形式主语it

  Ittookmehalfanhourtogethomeyesterday.

  Ittakesmuchtimetodotheshopping.

  试看“我六元钱买了一本词典”的不同译法:

  a.Iboughtthedictionaryforsixyuan.

  b.Thedictionarycostme6yuan.

  c.Ipaidsixyuanforthedictionary.

  d.Ispentsixyuanonthedictionary.

  e.Ittookmesixyuantobuythedictionary.

  再看“读这本书花了我一整天的时间”的不同译法:

  a.Ispentthewholedayreadingthebook.

  b.Itookthewholedaytoreadthebook.

  c.Readingthebooktookmethewholeday.

  d.Ittookmethewholedaytoreadthebook.

  例如:

  ①Thecompositioncost(took)methreehours.

  ②Howmuchdidtheradiocostyou?

  这台无线电花了你多少钱?(不用take)

  ③Theworkcostthemmuchlabour.这件工作花费他们很大的劳动.

  ④Ittookthemovertwoyearstobuildthebridge.

  修建这座桥花了他们两年多的时间.

  ⑤Ispend50dollarsonthecamera.买这架照相机,我花了50美元.

  ⑥Heoftenspenthissparetime(in)helpingthepoor.

  他经常利用业余时间帮助穷人.

  【注意】如要说“这件上衣我花了20美元”,可用下列几种表达方法

  Thecoatcostme20dollars.

  =Ispent20dollarsonthecoat.

  =Ipaid20dollarsforthecoat.

  =Iboughtthecoatfor20dollars.

  =Iboughtthecoatatthepriceof20dollars.

2020-01-20 03:18:43

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