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　　WorkingoutsidetheInternationalSpaceStation（ISS），anastronautissuddenlyhitbyapieceofspacedebris（碎片）thatdamageshisspacesuit．Alarmed，herealizeshe'sjustsecondsfromdisaster．Movingfast，hispreparedrobotpartnerslaps（拍打）anauto-patchoverthetearinhisspacesuit．HugesighsofrelieffilltheISS．Inside，theastronautresponsibleforsavingthespacewalker'slifecontrolseverythingtherobotavatarhasdone-includingrescuingitshumanpartner-whileitworksoutsidethespacestation．

　　R2：TheRealDeal

　　Arobotcompanioncancomeinhandytospacetravelers，whetherthey'reasfarawayasMarsorascloseasaspacestationormoonbase．Space-travellingavatars，controlledremotelybyhumansarestillaconcept．Butearlierintheyear2011，NASAsentahumanoidrobotintospaceforthefirsttime．It'scalledR2，shortforRobonaut2．TherobotwasdeliveredbythespaceshuttleDiscoveryandwillremainontheISStobetested．

　　NASAexpectsrobotslikeR2tobeahugehelptoastronauts．"Ourgoalisforrobotstoworksidebysidewithhumans，"saysNASA'sMattOndler．R2iscontrolledbyhumansusinglaptops．It'sprogrammedtoperformanumberofsmalltasks，suchas"findanobject．"Inmostsituations，humansarestillfarbetterwiththeirhandsthanrobots．Butthat'snotnecessarilytrueinspace，whereastronautsmustwearbulkyspacesuitsandheavygloves．Andsincetheydon'tneedtoeat，breathe，orgotothebathroom，robonautshavetheadvantageforlengthyjobs．

　　R2isn'treadyforspacewalksyet，butNASAhopesthatfutureimprovementswillmakethispossible．"RobonautswillhelpourastronautswiththethreeD's：jobsthataredirty，dull，anddangerous，"saysOndler．

　　ToTheMoon

　　SomedaythespaceagencyhopestosendR2tothemoon．Sendingarobottothemoonwillbefarlessexpensivethansendingahuman．Arobotisstronger，cansurviveintighterspaces，anddoesn'tneedair．Evenbetter，robotsdon'tcarehowlongittakesforNASAtoreturnthemtoEarth．

　　Onceonthemoon，therobonautcouldperformexperiments，sendlivevideobacktoEarth，talktoclassroomsfullofkids，andexplorethelunarsurface．R2willbeabletomoveusinglegs，orbyattachingitstorso（躯干）toafour-wheeledrov

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2020-01-23 10:45

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赖晓

　　51．D．推理判断题．在第一段中描述了宇航员在太空舱外执行任务时，被太空碎片击破了太空服，在这紧急时刻，他的机器人助理帮助他补助了这个破洞，从而挽救了他的生命，因此读者就知道机器人在太空的作用，所以答案是Dintroducewhatrobotsarelikelytodoforastronauts介绍了机器人可能为宇航员做的事．

　　52．A．推理判断题．根据第三段的It'sprogrammedtoperformanumberofsmalltasks和sincetheydon'tneedtoeat，breathe，orgotothebathroom，robonautshavetheadvantageforlengthyjobs．可知机器人能够完成以下小任务，它们不需要吃饭呼吸洗澡，可以长期进行工作；根据第五段中Sendingarobottothemoonwillbefarlessexpensivethansendingahuman可知送机器人到月球上比人类便宜的多；根据第六段的Onceonthemoon，therobonautcouldperformexperiments，sendlivevideobacktoEarth，talktoclassroomsfullofkids，andexplorethelunarsurface可知机器人在月球上可以完成各种复杂的任务．因此我们可以推断出正确答案是A．Itmayhavetheadvantageforcomplexandsmalltasksatlowcosts译为"对于简单任务和复杂任务机器人有成本低的优势"．

　　53．B．句义猜测题．根据划线句子的上几句R2willbeabletomoveusinglegs，orbyattachingitstorso（躯干）toafour-wheeledrover（探测器）andbecomingpartofvehicle．AndwhenR2'sbatteryislow，itcanplugintoasolar-poweredrechargingstationandgetsomemuch-neededjuice．可知R2可以可以用腿移动，它的躯干可以连着探测器，成为它的一部分，当它的电量低的时候，可以在太阳能充电站里充电，因此可以看出它的生活很便利，就像人类在地球的生活一样，所以答案是B．anordinaryrobotwillenjoyacomfortablelifeinspacelikehumansonEarth译为"一个普通的机器人在太空的生活和地球上人类的生活一样舒适"．

　　54．C．细节题．根据末段Butfordifficulttasks，ahumanoperatorwouldcontrolitlikeanavatarinavideogame．可知人类的操控者控制机器人就像控制游戏里自己的化身一样，因此答案是C．somedayhumansmightcontrolanavataronthemoon译为"人类能够控制月球上的机器人就像控制自己的替身"

2020-01-23 10:47:31

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