动词的三单变化规律,现在分词变化规律,过去式变化规律-查字典问答网
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  动词的三单变化规律,现在分词变化规律,过去式变化规律

  动词的三单变化规律,现在分词变化规律,过去式变化规律

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2020-02-04 13:06
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李东洁

  规则动词的过去式由“动词原形+-ed”构成,具体变化有:

  1.直接在词尾加-ed.如:want—wanted,work—worked,need—needed,clean—cleaned

  2.以不发音的e结尾的在词尾加-d.如:like—liked,live—lived,use—used,move—moved

  3.以一个元音字母加一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词,先双写结尾的辅音字母,再加-ed.如:stop—stopped,trip—tripped

  4.以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,先把y变成i,再加-ed.如:study—studied,carry—carried,hurry—hurried,marry—married

  不规则动词的过去式见课本后的不规则动词表.大体上归纳有以下六条记忆法:

  1.以t结尾的词,过去式与原形相同.如:put—put,let—let,cut—cut,beat—beat

  2.以d结尾的词,把d变成t.如:build—built,lend—lent,send—sent,spend—spent

  3.以n结尾的词,在词后加t.如:mean—meant,burn—burnt,learn—learnt

  4.以ow/aw结尾的词,把ow/aw变成ew.如:blow—blew,draw—drew,know—knew,grow—grew

  5.含有双写字母的词,将双写改为单写,在词尾加t.如:keep—kept,sleep—slept,feel—felt,smell—smelt

  6.含有元音字母o/i的词,将o/i变成a.如:sing—sang,give—gave,sit—sat,drink—drank

  规则动词词尾加-ed有三种读音:

  1.在清辅音后读作[t].如:asked,helped,watched,stopped

  2在浊辅音和元音后读作[d].如:enjoyed,studied,moved,called

  3.在t/d后读作[id].如:wanted,needed

  现在分词的构成方法如下:一般情况下,直接在动词原形后面加-ing.

  goingaskingfindingworkingbeingseeingprintingrainingstandingstudyingspeakingspelling

  以不发音的-e结尾的动词,去-e,再加-ing.comingtakingfiringencirclingwritingbecomingbreathingleaving

  闭音节的单音节词,或以重读闭音节结尾的多音节词,这些词的末尾只有一个辅音字母时,双写这个辅音字母,再加-ing.

  sittingrunninggettingcuttingstoppingbeginningplanningpermitting

  一般现在时主语单三人称时的动词变化

  ①在一般现在时中,当主语为第三人称单数时,动词要用“s”型(即第三人称单数形式).

  ②所谓动词“s”型的构成,可按名词变复数的规则来记,即:

  i)在动词尾直接加s.如:

  play—plays,want—wants,work—works,know—knows,help—helps,get—gets

  ii)以字母s、x、ch或o结尾的动词加-es;如:

  guess—guesses,fix—fixes,teach—teaches,brush—brushes,go—goes,do—does,watch—watches,catch—catches

  iii)以辅音字母+y结尾的动词,先变y为i,再加-es.如:

  study—studies,carry—carries,fly—flies,worry—worries

  ③④强调如何将主语是第三人称单数的肯定句变为否定和疑问句.现举例说明(用划线部分来说明顺口溜):

  1)Hismotherworksinafactory.

  Hismotherdoesn’tworkinafactory.

  Doeshismotherworkinafactory?

  2)MrLiteachesusEnglish.

  MrLidoesn’tteachusEnglish.

  DoesMrLiteachyouEnglish?

  3)Mybrotherstudiesmathswell.

  Mybrotherdoesn'tstudymathswell.

  Doesyourbrotherstudymathswell?

2020-02-04 13:08:59

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