【英语翻译Companylawspecifiesthatshareholdersmustbegivencertainfinancialinformation.Companiesgenerallyincludethreefinancialstatementsintheirannualreports.Theprofitandlossaccount(GB)orincomestatements(US)showsearningsand】

　　英语翻译

　　Companylaw

　　specifiesthatshareholdersmustbegivencertainfinancialinformation.

　　Companiesgenerallyincludethreefinancialstatementsintheirannualreports.

　　Theprofitand

　　lossaccount(GB)orincomestatements(US)showsearningsandexpenditure.It

　　usuallygivesfiguresfortotalsalesorturnover,andcosts,expensesand

　　overheads.Thefirstfigureshouldobviouslybethehighest,i.e.thereshould

　　beaprofit.Partoftheprofitgoestothegovernmentintaxation,partis

　　usuallydistributedtoshareholders(stockholders)asadividend,andpartis

　　retainedbythecompany.

　　Thebalancesheet

　　showsacompany’sfinancialsituationonaparticulardate,generallythelast

　　dayofthefinancialyear.Itliststhecompany’sassets,itslong-termand

　　short-termliabilities,andshareholders’(stockholders’)funds.Abusiness’s

　　assetsincludeaccountreceivableasitisassumedthatthesewillbepaid.

　　Companiesalsohaveintangibleassets,whosevalueisdifficulttoquantifyor

　　turnintocash,suchasgoodwill,patents,copyrightsandtrademarks.Liability

　　includeaccountspayable,asthesewill

　　havetobepaid.Long-termliabilitiesareusuallyloansandbonds;short-term

　　liabilitiesincludeaccruedoraccumulatedexpensesthathavenotyetbeenpaid

　　suchastaxesandinterest.Negativeitemsonfinancialstatements,suchas

　　creditors,taxation,anddividendspaid,areeitherenclosedinbracketsor

　　precededbyaminussign.