【详细举例讲一讲各种英语从句,】
详细举例讲一讲各种英语从句,
【详细举例讲一讲各种英语从句,】
详细举例讲一讲各种英语从句,
一.主语从句
主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句,通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替,而本身放在句子末尾.
1.It作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较
It作形式主语代替主语从句,主要是为了平衡句子结构,主语从句的连接词没有变化.而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调,无论强调的是什么成分,都可用连词that.被强调部分指人是也可用who/whom.例如:
Itisapitythatyoudidn’tgotoseethefilm.
Itdoesn’tinterestmewhetheryousucceedornot.
Itisinthemorningthatthemurdertookplace.
ItisJohnthatbrokethewindow.
2.用it作形式主语的结构
(1)Itis+名词+从句
Itisafactthat…事实是…
Itisanhonorthat…非常荣幸
Itiscommonknowledgethat…是常识
(2)itis+形容词+从句
Itisnaturalthat…很自然…
Itisstrangethat…奇怪的是…
(3)itis+不及物动词+从句
Itseemsthat…似乎…
Ithappenedthat…碰巧…
(4)it+过去分词+从句
Itisreportedthat…据报道…
Ithasbeenprovedthat…已证实…
3.主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况
(1)if引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首.
(2)Itissaid,(reported)…结构中的主语从句不可提前.例如:
ItissaidthatPresidentJingowillvisitourschoolnextweek.(right)
ThatPresidentJiangwillvisitourschoolnextweekissaid.(wrong)
(3)Ithappens…,Itoccurs…结构中的主语从句不可提前.例如:
Itoccurredtohimthathefailedintheexamination.(right)
Thathefailedintheexaminationoccurredtohim.(wrong)
(4)Itdoesn’tmatterhow/whether…结构中的主语从句不可提前.例如:
Itdoesn’tmatterwhetherheiswrongornot.(right)
Whetherheiswrongornotdoesn’tmatter.(wrong)
(5)含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时,主语从句不可提前.例如:
Isitlikelythatitwillrainintheevening?(right)
Isthatwillrainintheeveninglikely?(wrong)
4.What与that在引导主语从句时的区别
What引导主语从句时在句时在从句中充当句子成分,如主语.宾语.表语,而that则不然.例如:
1)Whatyousaidyesterdayisright.
2)Thatsheisstillaliveisaconsolation.
二.宾语从句
宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句,通常放在主句谓语动词(及物动词)或介词之后.
1.作动词的宾语
(1)由that引导的宾语从句(that通常可以省略),例如:
Iheardthatbejoinedthearmy.
(2)由what,whether(if)引导的宾语从句,例如:
1)Shedidnotknowwhathadhappened.
2)Iwonderwhetheryoucanchangethisnoteforme.
(3)动词+间接宾语+宾语从句.例如:
Shetoldmethatshewouldacceptmyinvitation.
2.作介词的宾语
例如:Oursuccessdependsuponhowwellwecancooperatewithoneanother.
3.作形容词的宾语
例如:Iamafraid(that)I’vemadeamistake.
That引导的从句常跟在下列形容词后作宾语:
Anxious,aware,certain,confident,convinced,determined,glad,proud,surprised,worried,sorry,thankful,ashamed,disappointed,annoyed,pleased,hurt,satisfied,content等.也可以将此类词后的that从句的看作原因状语从句.
4.It可以作为形式宾语
It不仅可以作为形式主语,还可以作为形式宾语而真正的宾语that从句则放在句尾,特别是在带复合宾语的句子中.例如:
Wehearditthatshewouldgetmarriednextmonth..
5.后边不能直接跟that从句的动词
这类动词有Allow,refuse,let,like,cause,force,admire,condemn,celebrate,dislike,love,help,take,forgive等.这类词后可以用不定式或动名词作宾语,但不可以用that引导的宾语从句.例如:
Iadmiretheirwinningthematch.(right)
Iadmirethattheywonthematch.(wrong)
6.不可用that从句作直接宾语的动词
有些动词不可用于“动词+间接宾语+that从句“结构中,常见的有Envy,order,accuse,refuse,impress,forgive,blame,denounce,advise,congratulate等.例如: