【one和that引导定语从句有何区别】-查字典问答网
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  【one和that引导定语从句有何区别】

  one和that引导定语从句有何区别

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2020-02-10 11:45
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  高考中常常考查one和that作为普通代词的区别,还常与it进行区别.主要用法如下:

  I.it/one/that三者均可用作代词,指代前面提到的名词.一般说来,it指代同名同物;one与that则指代同名异物.

  Ihavelostmyumbrella;I'mlookingforit.(该句中it就是指前面的myumbrella)

  Ihavelostmyumbrella;IthinkImustbuyone.(one在该句中表泛指,因为myumbrella已经丢了)

  TheumbrellayouboughtischeaperthanthatIbought.(替代词that在该句中特指“theumbrellaIbought”,以区别“theumbrellayoubought”)

  II.one与that虽可用来指代同名异物,但one为泛指,相当于a/an+名词;that为特指,相当于the+名词.所以one所指代的名词的修饰语一般为a/an/some/any;that所指代的名词的修饰语往往是the/this/that.

  Achairmadeofsteelisstrongerthanonemadeofwood.(该句中one可以换成achair)

  Thewaterinthecupishotterthanthatinthepot.(该句中that可以换成thewater)

  III.one只能代替可数名词单数,代替可数名词复数时用ones;that既可以代替不可数名词也可以代替可数名词单数,代替可数名词复数时用those.

  Ilikethispenmorethanthatone.(one代替可数名词单数pen)

  Therewereafewyoungpeopleandsomeolderonesinthehouse.(ones代替可数名词复数people)

  Mary'shandwritingisfarbetterthanthatofPeter.(that代替不可数名词handwriting)

  Thesepicturesaremorebeautifulthanthose.(those代替可数名词复数pictures)

  IV.one既可代替事物,也可代替人,that只能代替事物而不能代替人.有时可以用theone或theones代替that或those.

  Theone/Thatonthetableismine.(该句中Theone代替事物,并且也可以用That)

  Heistheteacher,theonewhoislovedbythestudents.(该句中theone代替人,不能用that)

  Headvisedthefarmerstochoosethebestseed-heads,theones/thosethathadthebestcolor.(该句中theones代替事物,并且也可以用those)

  V.one一般有前置修饰语,有时也可有后置修饰语或不用修饰语.而that不能有前置修饰语,但可有后置修饰语.

  Cookwasastrictbutgoodcaptain,onewhotookgoodcareofhissailors.

  Thewaterinthewelliscleanerthanthatintheriver.

  VI.it可以替代句中的不定式或从句等,充当形式主语或形式宾语.one与that均无此用法.

  Itisknowntoeverybodythatthemoontravelsaroundtheearthonceeverymonth.

  Ifoundithardtogetonwithher.

  VII.it与that均可以替代上文全句的内容或部分内容,而one/ones则不可以.

2020-02-10 11:45:53

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