【同工酶英文概念同工酶是指催化相同的化学反应,但其蛋白质分子结构、理化性质和免疫性能等方面都存在明显差异的一组酶.同工酶是研究代谢调节、分子遗传、生物进化、个体发育、细胞】
同工酶英文概念
同工酶是指催化相同的化学反应,但其蛋白质分子结构、理化性质和免疫性能等方面都存在明显差异的一组酶.同工酶是研究代谢调节、分子遗传、生物进化、个体发育、细胞分化和癌变的重要工具,在酶学、生物学和医学中均占重要地位.
Isozymes(alsoknownasisoenzymes)areenzymesthatdifferinaminoacidsequencebutcatalyzethesamechemicalreaction.Theseenzymesusuallydisplaydifferentkineticparameters(i.e.differentKMvalues),ordifferentregulatoryproperties.Theexistenceofisozymespermitsthefine-tuningofmetabolismtomeettheparticularneedsofagiventissueordevelopmentalstage(forexamplelactatedehydrogenase(LDH)).Inbiochemistry,isozymes(orisoenzymes)areisoforms(closelyrelatedvariants)ofenzymes.Inmanycases,theyarecodedforbyhomologousgenesthathavedivergedovertime.Although,strictlyspeaking,allozymesrepresentenzymesfromdifferentallelesofthesamegene,andisozymesrepresentenzymesfromdifferentgenesthatprocessorcatalysethesamereaction,thetwowordsareusuallyusedinterchangeably.