作者及家庭背景

　　EmilyBrontëwasborninThornton,Yorkshire,inthenorthofEngland.Herfather,theRev.PatrickBrontë,hadmovedfromIrelandtoWeatherfield,inEssex,wherehetaughtinSundayschool.EventuallyhesettledinYorkshire,thecentreofhislife'swork.In1812hemarriedMariaBranwellofPenzance.PatrickBrontëlovedpoetry,hepublishedseveralbooksofproseandverseandwrotetolocalnewspapers.In1820hemovedtoHawort,apoverty-strickenlittletownattheedgeofalargetractofmoorland,whereheservedasarectorandchairmanoftheparishcommittee.

　　作品背景

　　WutheringHeightshasbeenfilmedseveraltimes.WilliamWyler'sversionfrom1939,starringMerleOberonasCathyandLaurenceOlivierasHeathcliff,isconsideredonofthescreen'sclassicromances.However,theEnglishwriterGrahamGreenecriticizedthereconstructingoftheYorkshiremoorsintheConejoHillsinCalifornia."HowmuchbettertheywouldhavemadeWutheringHeightsinFrance,"wroteGreene."Theyknowtherehowtoshootsexualpassion,butinthisCalifornian-constructedYorkshire,amongthesensitiveneuroticEnglishvoices,sexiscellophaned;thereisnoegotism,noobsession.Soalotofreverencehasgoneintoapicturewhichshouldhavebeenascoarseasasewer."(Spectator,May5,1939)LuisBunñuelsettheeventsoftheamourfouinanaridMexicanlandscape.ThemusicwasbasedonmelodiesfromTristanandIsoldebyRichardWagner.

　　"Sleepnot,dreamnot;thisbrightday

　　Willnot,cannotlastforaye;

　　Blisslikethineisboughtbyyears

　　Darkwithtormentandwithtears."

　　(from'Sleepnot',1846)

　　EmilyBrontëdiedoftuberculosisinthelate1848.ShehadcaughtcoldatherbrotherBranwell'sfuneralinSeptember.AftertheappearanceofWutheringHeighs,someskepticsmaintainedthatthebookwaswrittenbyBranwell,onthegroundsthatnowomanfromsuchcircumscribedlife,couldhavewrittensuchpassionatestory.In1848CharlotteandAnnevisitedGeorgeSmithtorevealtheiridentityandtohelpquellrumorsthatasingleauthorlaybehindthepseudonyms.Afterhersisters'deaths,Charlotteeditedasecondeditionoftheirnovels,withprefatorycommentaryaimedatcorrectingwhatshesawasthereviewers'misunderstandingofWutheringHeights.Thecomplextimeschemeofthenovelhadbeentakenasevidencebythecritics,thatEmilyhadnotachievedfullformalcontroloverhernarrativematerials.However,hermodelinlayeringnarrativewithinnarrativemayhavebeenMaryShelley'sFrankenstein(1818).Emily'srefusaltoreduceambiguitytosimplisticclaritydidnothaveanyimmediateinfluenceonthenovelformuntilWilkieCollinsexperimentedwithmultivocalfirst-personnarrativesinsuchworksasTheWomaninWhite(1860)andTheMoonstone(1868).

　　内容简介

　　Oneofthefinestromanticfilmseverfilmed,this1939SamuelGoldwynproductionrateswithmany-includingmyself-asbeingthemostbelovedversionofEmilyBronte'shauntingnovel.Althoughitstopsatchapterseventeenandtheendingisseenasabittritebysome,it'sabrilliantlyenacted,finelymountedproductionwithbeautifulphotographyandauthenticperioddetailset-wise.MerleOberoniswell-castastheselfish,vainandrathershallowCathy.Whatmakeshercharactersointriguingandinterestingisthatnomatterwhathappenstohermaterially,shehasanundy