Islanguagelikefoodabasichumann-查字典问答网

来自李永富的问题

　　Islanguagelikefoodabasichumanneed?JudgingfromtheextremeexperimentofFrederickinthe13thcenturyitmaybe.Hopingtodiscoverwhatlanguageachildwouldspeakifheheardnomothertonguehetoldthenursestokeepsilent.

　　Allthebabiesdiedbeforethefirstyear.Butclearlytherewasmorethanlanguagedeprivation(剥夺，丧失).Whatwasmissingwasgoodmothering.Withoutgoodmotheringinthefirstyearoflifeespeciallytheabilitytosurviveisseriouslyaffected.

　　TodaynosuchextremedeprivationexistsasthatorderedbyFrederick.Neverthelesssomechildrenarestillbackwardinspeaking.Mostoftenthereasonforthisisthatthemotherisinsensitivetosignalsofthebabywhosebrainisprogrammedtomopuplanguagerapidly.Therearecriticaltimesitseemswhenchildrenlearnmorerapidly.Ifthesesensitiveperiodsareneglectedtheidealtimeforacquiringskillspassesandtheymightneverbelearnedsoeasilyagain.

　　LinguistssuggestthatspeechmilestonesarereachedinafixedorderandataconstantagebuttherearecaseswherespeechhasstartedlateinachildwhoeventuallyturnsouttobeofhighIQ.

　　Recentevidencesuggeststhatababyisbornwiththeabilitytospeak.Whatisspecialaboutman’sbraincomparedwiththatofthemonkeyisthecomplexsystemwhichenablesachildtoconnectthesightandfeelofsayateddybearwiththesoundpattern“teddybear”.

　　Butspeechhastobedevelopedandthisdependsoninteractionbetweenthemotherandthechildwherethemotherrecognizesthesignalsinthechild’sbabblingclinginggraspingcryingsmilingandrespondstothem.Insensitivityofthemothertothesesignalsreducestheinteractionbecausethechildgetsdiscouragedandsendsoutonlytheobvioussignals.Sensitivitytothechild’snonverbal(非语言的)signalsisbasictothegrowthanddevelopmentoflanguage.

　　小题1:Frederick’sexperimentwasextremebecause_________.A．hewantedtoprovechildrenarebornwithabilitytospeakB．hewantedhisnursestosayanotherlanguageC．hewasunkindtothenursesD．heignoredtheimportanceofmotheringtothebabies小题2:Thereasonthatsomechildrenarebackwardinspeakingismostlikely

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2020-03-03 01:27

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尚利

　　小题1:D小题2:B小题3:C小题4:C小题5:D

　　分析：

　　本文介绍了母亲在孩子的语言学习中的重要作用，如果没有了母亲的存在和对孩子的教育，孩子在学习语言方面可能就会存在着很多的困难。小题1:D细节题。根据文章第一段Hopingtodiscoverwhatlanguageachildwouldspeakifheheardnomothertonguehetoldthenursestokeepsilent.可知他忽视了对孩子来说母亲照顾的重要性。故D正确。小题2:B推理题。根据文章第二段567行.Neverthelesssomechildrenarestillbackwardinspeaking.Mostoftenthereasonforthisisthatthemotherisinsensitivetosignalsofthebabywhosebrainisprogrammedtomopuplanguagerapidly.可知主要原因就是因为母亲对孩子的回应不够敏感导致了这种情况的出现。故B正确。小题3:C推理题。根据本句Therearecriticaltimesitseemswhenchildrenlearnmorerapidly.可知照顾时间就是孩子学习最为迅速的时间，也是对孩子来说最重要的时间。故C正确。小题4:C推理题。根据文章倒数第三段therearecaseswherespeechhasstartedlateinachildwhoeventuallyturnsouttobeofhighIQ.可知有一些例子来说明那些开始的比较晚的人最后也可能有很高的智商，说明C项内容正确。小题5:D推理题。根据文章倒数第四段最后Ifthesesensitiveperiodsareneglectedtheidealtimeforacquiringskillspassesandtheymightneverbelearnedsoeasilyagain.可知如果如果母亲对孩子的回应不够，孩子学习知识可能就会变的困难。故D正确。

　　点评：

　　本文介绍了母亲在孩子的语言学习中的重要作用，如果没有了母亲的存在和对孩子的教育，孩子在学习语言方面可能就会存在着很多的困难。推断题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。

2020-03-03 01:28:19

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