整理的长城的英文导游词Goodmorning,LadiesandGentlemen:
TodaywearegoingtovisittheGreatWall.TheGreatWall,symbolizingChina’sancientcivilization.Isoneoftheworld’smostrenownedprojects.Itisthelongestdefensivewallintheworld.In1987,UNESCOputtheGreatWallonthelistofworldculturalheritage.
ConstructionofGreatWallstartedfromseventhcenturyBC.ItbeganfromtheSpring-AutumnandWarringStatesPeriods.AtthattimethereweremanykingdomsundertheZhouDynasty.Eachkingdombuiltitsownwallarounditsterritoryforself-protection.TheearliestGreatWallemergedintheChinesehistorywasthewallofQiandChu.In221BC,emperorQingshihuangdefeatedtheothersixkingdomsandunifiedChina.Heorderedtolinkuptheseparatedwallsandextendedthem.ItstartedfromLinTaointhewesttoLiaoKongintheeast.Formeda7000kilometerslongwall.ThisbecamethefirstclimaxofbuildingtheGreatWallinChinesehistory.
ThesecondclimaxofconstructionontheGreatWallisHanDynasty.Forincreasingstrategicdefenseandforprotectingthenewlyopenedsilkroads.The20thousandLiHanGreatWallwadconstructed.ItcanfromxinjianginthewesttoLiaoDongintheeastandbecamethelongestGreatWallinChinesehistory.HandynastyperiodwasthesecondclimaxofconstructiontheGreatWall.
IntheMingDynastyfromthefirstEmperorZhuYuanzhang,agreatnumberofdefensivesoldiersweredispatchedtothenorthernbordertorebuildthewall.TheGreatWallintheMingDynastyhadbeenconsolidated,countlessfortresses,watchtowers.beacontowershadbeenbuilt.Itstartedfromhushan(tigerhill)atthebankofYaluriver.DandongLiaoNingprovincetoJiaYuGuanpass,Gansuprovinceinthewest,totally7000kilometers.ItwentthroughthepresentdayLiaoning,Hebei,Tianjin,Beijing,Shanxi,InnerMongolia,Shaanxi,NingxiaandGansunineprovinces,autonomousregionsandmunicipalities.
TheGreatWallisformedbybodyofthewall,strategicpassofthewall,wallplatformandbeacontowersbothinsideandoutsidethewall.Theaverageheightofthewallis7.5meters,theaveragewidthofthebaseis6.5meters,andaveragewidthonthesurfaceisabout6meters.Onthesurfaceofthewall,fivehorsemencanrideabreast10peoplecanstandabreast.Insidethewall,inashortinterval,thereisanarchwaywithstonestepsleadingtothesurfaceofthewall.BeforetheMinggreatwall,therearethreetofourlayersofbricks.Onthetoplayeraresquarebricksfilledupwithlimebetweenthejointsitistoosmoothonthesurfaceofthewallforthewildgrasstogrow.Onthetopsurfaceofthewalltherearetwowallsonbothsides.Theinneroneisparapet,whichisaboutonemeterhigh;theouteroneisanearlytwo-meterhighbattlementswall.Onthebattlementswallarebattlementsandbuttressessuccessively.Oneverybuttress,thereareholesforshootingandobservation.Thereisalsodrainageditchandgargoyles.etc.
ThemainarchitecturalstructuresoftheGreatWallarewatchtowersandplatforms.Watchtowerscanbedirectlyusedtoshoottheenemieswhoareclimbingupthewall,andtheycanalsobeusedtostoreweaponsandaccommodatesoldiersforthenight.Generallyspeaking,thewatchtowersaretwostorieshigh:someareeventhreestorieshigh.Onallsidesoftheoutersectionofthewatchtower,therearefourwindows.Thetopstoryhasroomsforhousingsoldiers.Platformsarebuiltonthesurfaceofthew