【直接引语变间接引用时,一般过去时要如何变直接引语变间接引用-查字典问答网
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来自龙正炎的问题

  【直接引语变间接引用时,一般过去时要如何变直接引语变间接引用时,直接引语是一般过去时变间接引语时,什么时候不变,什么时候变过去完成时?1.Whatdidtheydowhentheyarrivedatthehidingplace?Heas】

  直接引语变间接引用时,一般过去时要如何变

  直接引语变间接引用时,直接引语是一般过去时变间接引语时,什么时候不变,什么时候变过去完成时?

  1.Whatdidtheydowhentheyarrivedatthehidingplace?

  Heaskeduwhattheydidwhentheyarrivedatthehidingplace?

  2.Margotwerenotabletohelp.Theyweretired.

  AnnasaidthathermotherandMargotwerenotabletohelpbecausetheyweretired.

  为什么都没变?

  Didtheyhaveanywarmfoodtoeat?这句变的时候是

  Heaskedif/whethertheyhadanywarmfoodtoeat?这时的any要不要变为some

  那请问这句话应该怎么变呢?

  whydidnotAnne'smotherandsisterhelp?

  是:sheaskedwhyAnne'smotherandsisterdidnothelp.

  还是;sheaskedwhyAnne'smotherandsisterhadnothelped.

1回答
2020-03-30 19:30
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  Heaskediftheyhadsomefoodtoeat.(any改成some,have改成had)

  引述别人的话有两种方式:一是使用引号引出人家的原话,这叫做直接引语;一是用自己的话把人家的话转述出来,这叫做间接引语.例如:

  Johnsaid,"I'mgoingtoLondonwithmyfather."

  约翰说:"我要和父亲到伦敦去."(引号内是直接引语)

  JohnsaidthathewasgoingtoLondonwithhisfather.

  约翰说,他要和他父亲去伦敦.(宾语从句是间接引语)

  由直接引语变为间接引语,分以下情况:

  1.直接引语是陈述句时

  间接引语为that引导的宾语从句(口语中that可以省略),主句的引述动词主要有say,tell,repeat,explain,think等.

  Hesaid,"YouareyoungerthanI."-'Hesaid(that)Iwasyoungerthanhim.

  2.直接引语是疑问句时

  间接引语为陈述语序:主句的谓语动词say改为ask,或改为wonder,donotknow,wanttoknow,benotsure,bepuzzled等.

  (1)一般疑问句或反意疑问句变为if(whether)引导的宾语从句.

  Shesaid,"Doyouoftencomeheretoreadnewspapers?"

  →Sheaskedmeif(或whether)Ioftenwenttheretoreadnewspapers.

  Sheaskedme,"Youhaveseenthefilm,haven'tyou?"

  →Sheaskedmewhether(或if)Ihadseenthefilm.

  (2)选择疑问句变为whether….or宾语从句.

  Iaskedhim,"Willyoustayathomeorgotoafilmtonight?"

  →Iaskedhimwhetherhewouldstayathomeorgotoafilmthatnight.

  (3)特殊疑问句变为由原来的疑问词引导的宾语从句.

  Heasked,"Wheredoyoulive?"

  →HeaskedmewhereIlived.

  3.直接引语是祈使句时

  间接引语为不定式,作ask,tell,beg,order,warn,advise等动词的宾语补足语(don't变为not).

  Theteachersaidtotheboy,"Openthewindow."→Theteachertoldtheboytoopenthewindow.

  Hisfathersaidtohim,"Don'tleavethedooropen."→Hisfathertoldhimnottoleavethedooropen.

  [注意]

  (1)有些表示建议、提议、劝告或要求的祈使句,可以用suggest,insist等动词加以转述.例如:

  Hesaid,"Let'sgotothetheatre."

  →Hesuggested(our)goingtothetheatre.或Hesuggestedthatwe(should)gotothetheatre.

  (2)"Wouldyoumindopeningthewindow?"heasked.

  →Heaskedmetoopenthewindow.

  "Whydon'tyoutakeawalkaftersupper?"heasked.

  →headvisedmetotakeawalkaftersupper.

  "Shallwelistentothemusic?"heasked.

  →Hesuggestedlisteningtothemusic.

  4.直接引语是感叹句时

  间接引语为what或how引导,也可以用that引导.

  Shesaid,"Whatalovelydayitis!"

  →Shesaidwhatalovelydayitwas.或Shesaidthatitwasalovelyday.

  5.如果主句谓语动词为各种现在时或一般将来时,则间接引语中的动词仍保持直接引语原来时态.如果主句谓语动词为过去时,间接引语中的动词时态按下列变化:

  (1)一般现在时变为一般过去时

  (2)现在进行时变为过去进行时

  (3)一般将来时变为过去将来时

  (4)现在完成时变为过去完成时

  (5)一般过去时变为过去完成时

  (6)过去完成时不变,仍为过去完成时

  [注意]

  (1)如果直接引语是表示客观真理时,变为间接引语,一般现在时不改为一般过去时.如:

  Theteachersaid"Theearthgoesroundthesun."

  →Theteachersaidthattheearthgoesroundthesun.

  (2)如果直接引语中有明确表示过时间的状语,变为间接引语时,一般过去时不改为过去完成时.如:

  Hesaidtome,"Iwasbornin1973."

  →Hetoldmethathewasbornin1973.

  (3)如果直接引语所述事实在当时和目前同样生效,变为间接宾语时,一般现在时不改为一般过去时.如:

  Hesaid,"I'maboy,notagirl."

  →Hesaidthatheisaboy,notagirl.

  (4)如果直接引语中的谓语动词表示一种反复出现或习惯动作,在变为间接引时,一般现在时不改为一般过去时.如:

  Thegirlsaid,"Igetupatsixeverymorning."

  →Thegirlsaidthatshegetsupatsixeverymorning.

  (5)如果直接引语中含有since,when,while引导的表示过去时间的状语从句,在变为间接引语时,只改变主句中的谓语动词,从句的一般过去时则不变.如:

  Hesaidtome,"Ihavetaugh

2020-03-30 19:34:04

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