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　　Humankindhastriedtoimproveitsstandardoflivingsincetheverybeginningofcivilization.Backthenaswellastodayprovidingfoodandsecuritywasthebasictaskforaperson.Howevernowadaystherangeofrequiredgoods

　　Humankindhastriedtoimproveitsstandardoflivingsincetheverybeginningofcivilization.Backthenaswellastodayprovidingfoodandsecuritywasthebasictaskforaperson.Howevernowadaystherangeofrequiredgoodshasexpandedsignificantly.Peoplefeeltheneedfornotonlysomeprimarythingssuchasapieceofbreadandaroofovertheirheadsbutalsoforvariousfacilitiesandluxuries.Providinghumanitywiththesethingsisconnectedtotheuseofnaturalresourceswhichrequiresenergy.Inturnthecommonsourcesofenergyweusetodaycausepollutionsoeconomicgrowthisalmostunavoidablyassociatedwithenvironmentaldamage.

　　EconomicgrowthistheincreaseinnumbersofgoodsandservicesproducedovertimebyaneconomyanditiscalculatedintermsofrealGrossDomesticProduct(GDP).Beforegrowthiscalculatedinflation(通货膨胀)isadjustedinordertotakeintoaccountitsmisleadingeffectonthepriceofgoodsandservices.Economicgrowthcanalsobeexplainedastheincreaseinexpectedoutputwhichresultsfromanincreaseinactualoutputortotaldemand.

　　Therearecertainaspectsofeconomicgrowthwhichaffecttheenvironment.Thefirstoftheseisthefactthatinordertoproducemoregoodsandproductsatafasterratetheconstructionoflargeindustrialplantsisrequired.Theseplantsproducealotofwasteleadingtothepollutionofwaterandtheatmospherewhichmaycausenegativelongtermhealtheffectstonearbypopulationsofanimalsorpeople.Theyalsoleadtoglobalwarming.

　　Industrialmanufacturingleadstotheconstantlyincreasingenergyconsumption.Thetraditionalenergysourceswhicharecommonlyusednowadaysareconsideredtobethegreatestpolluterstotheenvironment.Therealsoexistso-calledeco-friendlysourcesofenergy.Theyaresometimespreferredbutreplacingthetraditionalsourceswiththemalsorequirestimeduringwhichpeoplehavetomakesomesacrificestosupporttheseundertakings.

　　Inordertoproduceeconomicallypracticalenergyasometimessignificanttransformationofthenaturalsiteisofteninevitable.Thisisexpensiveandhasharmfuleffectsontheenvironment.Applicationofwindenergywouldblockairflows’naturalspeedwhichisthereasonforthe

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2020-04-09 19:24

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　　1.D2.B3.C4.B

　　分析：

　　本文讲述的是经济发展和环境破坏之间的关系。1.D主旨大意题。根据文章主题段第一段最后一句Inturnthecommonsourcesofenergyweusetodaycausepollutionsoeconomicgrowthisalmostunavoidablyassociatedwithenvironmentaldamage.可知本文讲述的是经济发展和环境破坏之间的关系。故D正确。2.B推理题。根据第三段最后4行Theseplantsproducealotofwasteleadingtothepollutionofwaterandtheatmospherewhichmaycausenegativelongtermhealtheffectstonearbypopulationsofanimalsorpeople.Theyalsoleadtoglobalwarming.可知they就是指前句的Theindustrialplants，故B正确。3.C推理题。根据文章第三段可知作者认为经济的发展尤其是制造业的工厂一定会带来环境的破坏和污染，故C正确。4.B篇章结构题。文章第一段是总，接下来2段是分论点，45，6段是对第3段的解释。故B正确。

　　考点：

　　考查经济环境类短文阅读

　　点评：

　　本文讲述的是经济发展和环境破坏之间的关系。要求考生读懂文章中的每个句子的意思还要推理它们之间的关系，结合自己的生活常识和经验，再通过逻辑推理和判断，理解文章的言外之意，从而揭示文章的深层涵义。任何一篇文章都有其特定的写作目的，读者应当知道如何去做或按照某种方式传递思考问题。推理判断题的答案不可能在文章中直接找到，因此推理时我们务必要忠于原文，在文章中寻找并确定可推论的依据，即：已知部分－推论的前提，从中推测出未知部分－推理的结论，切忌妄加评论，把自己的观点当成作者的观点。

2020-04-09 19:25:48

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