Grown-upsareoftensurprisedbyhowwelltheyremembersomethingtheylearnedaschildrenbuthaveneverpracticedstillswimaswellasevereversince.Amanwhenhegetsbackwhohasnothadachancetogoswimmingforyearscaninthew
Grown-upsareoftensurprisedbyhowwelltheyremembersomethingtheylearnedaschildrenbuthaveneverpracticedstillswimaswellasevereversince.Amanwhenhegetsbackwhohasnothadachancetogoswimmingforyearscaninthewater.Hecangetonabicycleaftermanyyearsandstillrideaway.Hecanplaycatchandhitaballaswellashisson.Amotherwhohasnotthoughtaboutthewordsforyearscanteachherdaughterthepoemthatbegins"Twinkletwinklelittlestar"。rememberthestoryofCinderellaorGoldilocksandtheThreeBears.
Oneexplanationisthelawofoverlearningwhichcanbestatedasfollows:Oncewehavelearnedsomethingadditionallearningtrials(尝试)increasethelengthoftimewewillrememberit.
Inchildhoodweusuallycontinuetopracticesuchskillsasswimmingbicycleridingandplayingbaseballlongafterwehavelearnedthem.Wecontinuetolistentoandremindourselvesofwordssuchas"Twinkletwinklelittlestar"andchildhoodtalessuchasCinderellaandGoldilocks.Wenotonlylearnbutoverleam.
Themultinlicatinntables(乘法口诀表)areanexcentiontothegeneralrulethatweforgetratherquicklythethingsthatwelearninschoolbecausetheyareanotherofthethingsweoverlearninchildhood.
Thelawofoverleamingexplainswhycramming(突击学习)foranexamination.thoughitmayresultinapassinggradeisnotasatisfactorywaytolearnacollegecourse.Bycrammingastudentmaylearnthesubjectwellenoughtogetbyontheexaminationbutheislikelysoontoforgetalmosteverythinghelearned.Alittleoverlearning.ontheotherhandisreallynecessaryforone'sfuturedevelopment.
1.WhatisthemainideaofparagraphI?
A.Peoplerememberwellwhattheylearnedinchildhood.
B.Childrenhaveabettermemorythangrown-ups.
C.Poemreadingisagoodwaytolearnwords.
D.Storiesforchildrenarceasytoremember.
2.Theauthorexplainsthelawofoverleamingby_________.
A.presentingresearchfindings
B.sellingdowngeneralrules
C.makingacomparison
D.usingexamples
3.Accordingtotheauthorbeingabletousemultiplicationtablesis_______.
A.aresultofoverlearning
B.aspecialcaseofcramming