Grown-upsareoftensurprisedbyhowwelltheyremembersomethingtheylearnedaschildrenbuthaveneverpracticedeversince.Amanwhohasnothadachancetogoswimmingforyearscanstillswimaswellaseverwhenhegetsbackinthewa
Grown-upsareoftensurprisedbyhowwelltheyremembersomethingtheylearnedaschildrenbuthaveneverpracticedeversince.Amanwhohasnothadachancetogoswimmingforyearscanstillswimaswellaseverwhenhegetsbackinthewater.Hecangetonabicycleaftermanyyearsandstillrideaway.Hecanplaycatchandhitaballaswellashisson.Amotherwhohasnotthoughtaboutthewordsforyearscanteachherdaughterthepoemthatbegins"Twinkletwinklelittlestar"orrememberthestoryofCinderellaorGoldilocksandtheThreeBears.
Oneexplanationisthelawofoverlearningwhichcanbestatedasfollows:Oncewehavelearnedsomethingadditionallearningtrials(尝试)increasethelengthoftimewewillrememberit.
Inchildhoodweusuallycontinuetopracticesuchskillsasswimmingbicycleridingandplayingbaseballlongafterwehavelearnedthem.Wecontinuetolistentoandremindourselvesofwordssuchas"Twinkletwinklelittlestar"andchildhoodtalessuchasCinderellaandGoldilocks.Wenotonlylearnbutoverlearn.
Themultiplicationtables(乘法口诀表)areanexceptiontothegeneralrulethatweforgetratherquicklythethingsthatwelearninschoolbecausetheyareanotherofthethingsweoverlearninchildhood.
Thelawofoverlearningexplainswhycramming(突击学习)foranexaminationthoughitmayresultinapassinggradeisnotasatisfactorywaytolearnacollegecourse.Bycrammingastudentmaylearnthesubjectwellenoughtogetbyontheexaminationbutheislikelysoontoforgetalmosteverythinghelearned.Alittleoverlearningontheotherhandisreallynecessaryforone'sfuturedevelopment.
【小题1】Whatisthemainideaofparagraph1?
A.Peoplerememberwellwhattheylearnedinchildhood.B.Childrenhaveabettermemorythangrown-ups.C.Poemreadingisagoodwaytolearnwords.D.Storiesforchildrenareeasytoremember.【小题2】Theauthorexplainsthelawofoverlearningby_________.A.presentingresearchfindingsB.settingdowngeneralrulesC.makingacomparisonD.usingexamples【小题3】Accordingtotheauthorbeing