谁有定语从句的语法?-查字典问答网
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  谁有定语从句的语法?

  谁有定语从句的语法?

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2020-04-26 19:31
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彭莉娟

  定语从句

  定语是指在句子中用来修饰名词、代词的成分

  如:Iwillgivemyteacherabunchofbeautifulflower.(中beautiful就是定语)

  定语从句是指在一个句子中作定语的句子,定语从句要放在所修饰的词后

  如:IhavemetthedoctorwhoisintheNo.1hospital.

  定语从句的连接词:

  连接代词:who、which、whom、whose、that

  连接副词:when、where、why

  一.定语从句的功用和结构

  在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句.被定从句修饰的词叫做先行词.定语从句必须放在先行词之后.引导定语从句的关联词有关系代词和关系副词.例如:

  Thisisthepresentthathegavemeformybirthday.Doyouknoweverybodywhocametotheparty?

  IstillrememberthenightwhenIfirstcametothevillage?ThisistheplacewhereChairmanMaooncelived.

  关系代词和关系副词的功用

  关系代词和关系副词用来引导定于从句,在先行词和定语从句之间起纽带作用,使二者联系起来.关系代词和关系副词又在定语从句中充当一个成分.关系待客做主语,宾语,定语,关系副词可作状语.

  作主语:关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句的谓语动词的人称和数须和先行词一致.例如:

  Idon’tlikepeoplewhotalkmuchbutdolittle.ThecarswhichareproducedinHubeiProvincesellverywell.

  2.作宾语:

  SheisthepersonthatImetattheschoolgateyesterday.Thebookthatmygrandmothergavemeiscalled“TheGreatEscape”.

  3.作定语

  关系代词whose在定语从句中作定语用.例如:

  What’sthenameoftheyoungmanwhosesisterisadoctor?Thegirlwhosefatherisateacherstudiesveryhard.

  4.作状语

  I’llneverforgetthedaywhenIfirstcametoBeijing.ThisisthehousewhereIwasborn.

  各个关系代词和关系副词的具体用法

  1.who指人,在定语从句中作主语.例如:

  Thepersonwhobrokethewindowmustpayforit.Theboywhoiswearingtheblackjacketisveryclever.

  2.whom指人,在定语从句中作宾语.例如:

  Doyouknowtheyoungman(whom)wemetatthegate?MrLee(whom)youwanttoseehascome.

  3.whose指人,在定语从句中作定语.例如:

  Thegirlwhosemotherisillisstayingathometoday.Iknowtheboywhosefatherisaprofessor.

  4.which指物,在定语从中作主语或宾语.例如:

  Adictionaryisabookwhichgivesthemeaningofwords.Hereisthebook(which)theteachermentionedyesterday.

  5.that多指物,有时也指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语.例如:

  I’vereadthenewspaperthat(which)carriestheimportantnews.Whoisthepersonthatisreadingthenewspaperoverthere?

  6.when指时间,在定语从句中作状语.例如:

  I’llneverforgetthetimewhenweworkedonthefarm.HearrivedinBeijingonthedaywhenIleft.

  7.where指地点,在定语从句中作状语.例如:

  Thisisthehousewherewelivedlastyear.Thefactorywherehisfatherworksisintheeastofthecity

  四.关系代词whom,which在定语从句中作介词宾语时,可以和介词一起放于先行词与定语从句之间,有时为了关系紧凑也可以将whom与which与先行词紧挨着书写,而将介词置于定语从句的后面,如:

  Thatwastheroominwhichwehadlivedfortenyears.=Thatwastheroomwhichwehadlivedinfortenyears.

  五.具体使用时还要注意下列问题:

  1.只能使用that,不用which的情况:

  (1)先行词是all,few,little,nothing,everything,anything等不定代词时.例如:Allthathesaidistrue.

  (2)先行词被only,no,any,all,等词修饰时.例如:Heistheonlyforeignerthathasbeentothatplace.

  (3)先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰的词.例如:Hewasthesecond(person)thattoldmethesecret.

  (4)先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰的词.Thisisthebestbook(that)Ihavereadthisyear.

  (5)先行词既包括人又包括物时.例如:Hetalkedaboutthepeopleandthethingsheremembered.

2020-04-26 19:33:03

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