定语从句:在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子在复合句中充当定语,所以叫作定语从句.

　　先行词：定语从句所修饰的名词或代词.

　　关系词：引导定语从句的词,分为关系代词（who,whom,that,which,whose）和关系副词(where,when,why,).

　　复合句：Themanwho(that)cameisMike.

　　先行词关系代词

　　LiMingistheonethatgotfullmarksinourclass.

　　先行词关系代词

　　一关系代词Which的用法:若先行词指物则代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语或宾语.

　　Thisisthepenwhichwasgivenbymyfriend.

　　先行词指物代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语

　　Thisisthepenwhichmyfriendgavetome.

　　先行词指物代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语

　　二关系代词Who的用法:若先行词指人则代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语或宾语(如果前面带介词则必须用whom)

　　Themanwhoiswearingawhitesuitismybrother.

　　先行词指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语

　　ThemanwhowhomhewantedtoseelastweekisinShanghai.

　　先行词指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语

　　SheisthegirlwithwhomIwentthere.

　　先行词指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当介宾且介词于前.

　　三关系代词Whom的用法:若先行词指人则代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语(包括介词的宾语),与who的区别是如果前面带介词则必须用whom

　　Thisistheteacherwhom/whowelikebest.

　　先行词指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语

　　Sheisthegirlwhom/whoIwentwiththere.

　　先行词指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当介宾.

　　Idon’tliketheboytowhomyouaretalking.

　　先行词指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当介宾且介词于前.

　　四关系代词that的用法:若先行词指人或物则代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语或宾语

　　Theanimalthatwhichislostisapanda.

　　先行词指物代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语

　　Themooncakesthatmothercookedtastenice.

　　先行词指物代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语

　　Whoisthemanthatisreadinganewspaperthere?

　　先行词指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语

　　Sheisthepersonthatwhoweareworriedabout.

　　先行词指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语

　　注：在从句中作介词宾语时,介词一般可放在whom,which之前（不可放在that之前）,也可放在原来的位置上.在含有介词的固定动词词组中的介词则只能放在原来的位置上.如：

　　ThemanfromwhomIborrowedanumbrellaisafriendofmine.

　　=ThemanwhomIborrowedanumbrellafromisafriendofmine.

　　Thegirlwhom(who)Iamlookingforismysister.(lookfor是固定词组,for不可放在whom之前)

　　注意1that/which在代物时常常可以通用,但有时只宜于用which,不用that

　　(1)关系代词前有介词时.

　　Thisisthehotelinwhichyouwillstay.

　　(2)如有两个定语从句,其中一句的关系代词是that,另一句宜于用which.

　　LetmeshowyouthenovelthatIborrowedfromtheliberarywhichwasnewlyopen(新开放)tous.

　　注意2that/which在代物时常常可以通用,但有时只宜于用that,不用which.

　　(1)先行词是形容词最高级或者它的前面有形容词最高级时

　　Thisisthebestthathasbeenusedagainstairpollution(反对空气污染)incities.

　　Englishisthemostdifficultsubjectthatyouwilllearnduringtheseyears.

　　(2)先行词是序数词,或它的前面有一个序数词时

　　HeisthelastpersonthatIwanttosee.

　　(3)主句中已有疑问词时

　　Whichisthebikethatyoulost?

　　(4)先行词既有人又有物时

　　Thebikeanditsriderthathadrunover(撞倒了)anoldmanweretakentothepolicestation.

　　(5)先行词是all,much,little,something,everything,anything,nothing,none,theone等代词时

　　Youshouldhandinallthatyouhave.

　　Wehaven’tgotmuchthatwecanofferyou.

　　Imeantheonethatyoutalkedaboutjustnow.

　　(6)先行词前面有only,any,few,little,no,all,oneof,thesame,thevery等词修饰时

　　Theonlythingthatwecandoistogiveyousomemoney.

　　LiMingistheonlyonethatgotfullmarks(满分)inourclass.

　　LiMingisoneofthestudentsthatwanttobeteachersinourclass.

　　(7)有两个定语从句,其中一个关系代词已用which,另外一个宜用that