求面包的起源、发展或者历史英文介绍要英文介绍-查字典问答网
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  求面包的起源、发展或者历史英文介绍要英文介绍

  求面包的起源、发展或者历史英文介绍

  要英文介绍

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2020-04-26 10:05
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段鸿

  Historyofbread

  Breadisoneoftheoldestpreparedfoods.Evidencefrom30,000yearsagoinEuroperevealedstarchresidueonrocksusedforpoundingplants.Itispossiblethatduringthistime,starchextractfromtherootsofplants,suchascattailsandferns,wasspreadonaflatrock,placedoverafireandcookedintoaprimitiveformofflatbread.Around10,000BC,withthedawnoftheNeolithicageandthespreadofagriculture,grainsbecamethemainstayofmakingbread.Yeastsporesareubiquitous,includingthesurfaceofcerealgrains,soanydoughlefttorestwillbecomenaturallyleavened.Thereweremultiplesourcesofleaveningavailableforearlybread.Airborneyeastscouldbeharnessedbyleavinguncookeddoughexposedtoairforsometimebeforecooking.PlinytheElderreportedthattheGaulsandIberiansusedthefoamskimmedfrombeertoproduce"alighterkindofbreadthanotherpeoples."Partsoftheancientworldthatdrankwineinsteadofbeerusedapastecomposedofgrapejuiceandflourthatwasallowedtobeginfermenting,orwheatbransteepedinwine,asasourceforyeast.Themostcommonsourceofleaveningwastoretainapieceofdoughfromthepreviousdaytouseasaformofsourdoughstarter.

  Amajoradvancehappenedin1961withthedevelopmentoftheChorleywoodbreadprocess,whichusedtheintensemechanicalworkingofdoughtodramaticallyreducethefermentationperiodandthetimetakentoproducealoaf.Theprocess,whosehigh-energymixingallowsfortheuseoflowerproteingrain,isnowwidelyusedaroundtheworldinlargefactories.

  Recently,domesticbreadmachineswhichautomatetheprocessofmakingbreadhavebecomepopular.

2020-04-26 10:07:13

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