英语哪些词后接虚拟语气?-查字典问答网
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  英语哪些词后接虚拟语气?

  英语哪些词后接虚拟语气?

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2020-04-30 20:33
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饶大展

  1.动词suggest,order,demand,propose,request,command,insist等后的宾语从句中,用虚拟语气(即Should+动词原形或只用动词原形)来表示愿望、建议、命令、请求等.在动词wish/wouldrather后的宾语从句中,用过去式表示与现在事实不符,用过去完成式表示与过去事实不符.

  e.g.Isuggestthatwe(should)setoffatonce.

  Thedoctorinsistedthatthepatient(should)beX-rayed.

  IwishIwereasstrongasyou.

  Iwouldratherthatyouhadn'ttoldhim.

  2.在suggestion,proposal,idea,plan,order,advice等名词后的表语从句、同位语从句中要用虚拟语气,即should+动词原形或只用动词原形.如:

  Oursuggestionisthatyou(should)bethefirsttogo.

  Myadviceisthatwe(should)sendforDoctorLi.

  Doyouknowtheorderthatyou(should)keepwatch?

  3.在Itisnecessary/important/strange/natural;Itisrequested/suggested/desired/proposed;itisapity等结构后的主语从句中要用虚拟语气,即Should+动词原形或只用动词原形.如:

  Itisnecessarythathe(should)besentthereatonce.

  ItisrequestedthatProfessorLi(should)giveusaspeech.

  Itisdesiredthatwe(should)geteverythingreadybytonight.

  4.在asif引导的状语从句中,用过去式表示与现在事实不符,用过去完成式表示与过去事实不符;Theytalkedasiftheyhadbeenfriendsforyears.

  5.在sothat,inorderthat引导的状语从句中,(根if状语从句中的主句形式相同)常用should/would/could/might+动词原形来表示虚拟语气.如:

  Shestayedathomeforafewdayssothatshecouldtakecareofhermother.

  Hetookataxitothestationsothatsheshouldnotmissthetrain.

  6.在itistime后面的定语从句中常用过去式表示虚拟.

  It’stimeIwasgoing.

  It’stimesomebodytaughtyoutobehaveyourself.

  7.由wish引起的表示愿望的虚拟语气

  A.用wish表示对现在的愿望时,它所引起的宾语从句中谓语动词形式为:过去式(be动词用were).

  B.用wish表示对将来的愿望时,它所引起的宾语从句中谓语动词形式为:would,could,might+动词原形.

  C.wish用于对过去的事实表示一种不可能实现的愿望时,宾语从句中的谓语动词形式为:had+动词过去分词或could,would+have+动词过去分词.

  Iwishthatheweren’tsolazy.

  IwishIhadn'twastedsomuchtime.

  Iwishshewouldchangehermind.

  8.hadhoped/planned/thought/wanted/intended表示一种过去未实现的愿望或令人失望的事.

  Ihadthoughthehadbeendeadforatleast20years.

  IhadhopedthatshewouldgototheU.S.andstudythere,butshesaid

  shelikedtostayinChina.

  9.wouldrather.(与if从句相同)

  would(had)rather,wouldassoon,wouldsooner和wouldprefer所引起的从句中要求用过去式表示当时或将来的情况,用过去完成时表示过去的情况,表示希望或婉转的责备.例如:

  I’dratheryoupostedtheletterrightaway.我倒希望你把这封信立刻寄出去.

  Iwouldpreferhedidn’tstaytheretoolong.我倒希望他不要在那儿可得太久.

  Iwouldjustassoonyouhadreturnedthebookyesterday.我真希望你昨天把这本书还了.

  10.虚拟语气在由某些连词,常见的这些连词和介词有:与if从句相同

  1)unless(除非),provided(倘若),supposing(假若),providing(倘若),onconditionthat(如果),由这些词、词组引出的从句,动词多用过去时.

  除非你命令他做,要不他是不会做的.

  Hewouldn'tdoitunlessyouorderedhimto.

  假若你有机会出国,你会去哪儿呢?

  Providing(if)youhadtheopportunitytogoabroad,wherewouldyougo?

  11.forfearthat(以免,唯恐),inorderthat(以便),whether(不管),lest(以免),incase(假使),从句中加情态动词,有时should可省略.

  他把它藏起来以免她看见.

  Hehiditlestshe(should)seeit.

  我得准备点啤酒,说不定约翰会来.

  I'llgetsomebeerincaseJohnshouldcome.

  他轻轻地进屋,

2020-04-30 20:36:40

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