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  阅读理解Itishardtogetanyagreementontheaccuratemeaningoftheterm“socialclass”.Ineverydaylifepeopletendtohaveadifferentapproachtothosetheyconsidertheirequalsfromthatwhichtheyassumewithpe

  阅读理解

  Itishardtogetanyagreementontheaccuratemeaningoftheterm“socialclass”.Ineverydaylifepeopletendtohaveadifferentapproachtothosetheyconsidertheirequalsfromthatwhichtheyassumewithpeopletheyconsiderhigherorlowerthanthemselvesinthesocialscale.Thecriteriaweuseto“place”anewacquaintance(熟人)howeverareacomplexmixtureoffactors.Dresswayofspeakingareaofresidenceinagivencityorprovinceeducationandmannersallplayapart.

  InGreeceafterthesixthcenturyB.C.therewasagrowingconflictbetweenthepeasantsandthelandedaristocrats(贵族)andagradualdecreaseinthepowerofthearistocracywhenakindof“middleclass”oftradersandskilledworkersgrewup.ThepopulationofAthensforexamplewasdividedintothreemainclasseswhichwerepoliticallyandlegallydistinct.AboutonethirdofthetotalwereslaveswhodidnotcountpoliticallyatallafactoftenforgottenbythosewhopraiseAthensasthenurseryofdemocracy.Thenextmaingroupconsistedofresidentforeignersthe“metics”whowerefreementhoughtheytwowereallowednoshareinpoliticallife.Thethirdgroupwasthepowerfulbodyof“citizens”whowerethemselvesdividedintosubclasses.

  InthelaterMiddleAgeshoweverthedevelopmentofmonetaryeconomyandthegrowthofcitiesandtradeledtotheriseofanotherclassthe“burghers”orcitymerchantsandmayors.Thesewerethepredecessorsofthemodernmiddleclasses.Graduallyhighofficeandoccupationassumedimportanceindeterminingsocialpositionasitbecamemoreandmorepossibleforapersonborntoonestationinlifetomovetoanother.Thischangeaffectedthetownsmorethanthecountryareaswhereremnantsoffeudalismlastedmuchlonger.

  Withthebreakupofthefeudaleconomytheincreasingdivisionoflabourandthegrowingpowerofthetownburghers(公民)thecommercialandprofessionalmiddleclassbecamemoreandmoreimportantinEuropeandtheolderprivilegedclassthelandedaristocracybegantolosesomeofitspower.

  1.Themainideaofthefirstparagraphisthat________.

  []

  A.todefinethetermsocialclassdoesnotinvolvemuchdifficulty

  B.thereismuchalternationinpeople'ssocialclasses

  C.toevaluateaperson'ssocialcla

1回答
2020-04-30 20:01
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黄蒙

  答案:C;A;D;B

2020-04-30 20:04:19

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