Questions61to65arebasedonthefollowingpassage:IntheyearfollowingtheCivilWar,businessesbegantoformmonopolies(垄断).Amonopolyisabusinessorcorporationthathasexclusivecontroloveracertainmarket.Thismeansthatamo
Questions61to65arebasedonthefollowingpassage:
IntheyearfollowingtheCivilWar,businessesbegantoformmonopolies(垄断).Amonopolyisabusinessorcorporationthathasexclusivecontroloveracertainmarket.ThismeansthatamonopolyhasnocompetitorsInbusiness,competitionamongbusinessestendstokeepthepricesofproductsdown.Sincetheyhadnocompetitors,monopolies,dependingonhowessentialtheirproductwas,couldchargeasmuchastheywantedfortheirproduct.Asmoreandmoremonopoliesbegantoappear,someAmericansbegantowonderhowthesebigcompaniescouldsoeasilydrivetheircompetitorsoutofbusiness.OnepersonwhowasespeciallyinterestedinthepracticesofthesemonopolieswasajournalistnamedIdaTarbell.Duringtheearly1900's,IdaTarbell'sarticlestookonsuchbigcorporationsastheStandardOilTrustCompany.Shedescribedthemethodsthatthesemonopolieswouldusetodriverivalcompaniesoutofbusiness.Forexample,shedescribedhowbigcompanieswouldmakedealswithrailroadcompanies.(Accordingtothetermsofthesedeals,therailroadcompanieswouldchargethebigcompanieslowerratestotransportgoods.)Smallercompanieswhocompetedwiththebigcompanieswouldbechargedtheregularrate,whichwasmuchhigher.
61.Whatisthepassagemainlyconcernedwith?
A.Thedefinitionofmonopolies.B.Thesuccessofmonopolies.
C.Thereasonsforthesuccessofmonopolies.D.BothB.andC.
62.Amonopolyisabusinessthatcontrolsthemarket,________.
A.beatingallothercompetitorsB.includingonlyafewcompetitors
C.excludingmanyrivalsD.noneoftheabove
63.63.Ifamonopolywantstochangeasmuchaspossible,__________.
A.itmusthavecompetitorsB.itmustbeabigbusiness
C.itsproductsmustbeindispensabletopeopleD.itsproductsmustbeofhighquality
64.64.Tarbell'sarticlesaremainlyconcernedwith_________.
A.thecompetitivepowerofbigcompaniesB.thecompetitivemethodsbybigcompanies
C.thedirtydealsbetweenbigandsmallcompaniesD.thedirtydealsbetweenbigcompaniesandrailroadcompanies
65.Theword"terms"inParagraph4means____________.
A.conditio