【求一篇有关人性的英文短文要做英语classreport,要-查字典问答网
分类选择

来自郭明飞的问题

  【求一篇有关人性的英文短文要做英语classreport,要找一篇有关人性的英文短文,五分钟左右即可,先行谢过……】

  求一篇有关人性的英文短文

  要做英语classreport,要找一篇有关人性的英文短文,五分钟左右即可,先行谢过……

1回答
2020-05-16 02:16
我要回答
请先登录
陆倜

  OnHumanNature

  Philosophershaveinitiatedadebateaboutthehumannaturesincethemankindgottoprobeintoitself.Theterm"stateofnature"isusedtorefertothehypotheticalconditionofhumansbeforesocialfactorsareimposed,thusattemptingtodescribethe"naturalessence"ofhumannature.Mostviewsofitfallinthreetypicalgroups.

  Viewsinthefirstgroupseehumansasinherentlygood.ThemostfamoustheoryinthisgroupisJohnLocke'ssocialcontracttheory.AccordingtoLocke,humansinthestateofnaturehaveabsolutefreedomtomaketheirordersandtaketheiractions,withouthavingtoaskpermissionfromanyoneelse.Peoplearebornequal,andwillingtotreateachotherastheywouldliketobetreated.Thiswillisknownassympathy,thesourceofjusticeandkindnessandeventuallyallvirtues.InancientChinaawidelyknownphilosopher,themostnotablediscipleofConfucius,Mencius,heldsimilarpoints,declaringthathumansarenaturallymoralbeingsbutarecorruptedbysociety.

  Thesecondgroupincludesviewsthatseehumansasinherentlybad.Accordingtooriginalsin,humansinthestateofnaturearetarnishedbythesinofAdam.Laterthegrouphadamorerationalspeaker,ThomasHobbes.Hobbesbelievedthathumansinthestateofnaturewouldbehave"badly"towardsoneanother,buthearguedthatpeoplehadeveryrighttodefendthemselvesbywhatevermeans.Famously,hebelievedthatsuchaconditionwouldleadtoa"warofeverymanagainsteveryman"andmakelife"solitary,poor,nasty,brutish,andshort."SimilartheoriesalsocanbefoundinancientChina.Xuncius,anotherfollowerofConfuciusasMencius,simplyrejectedMencius'claim.Insteadheassertedthat"HumanDispositionsareDetestable".

  Therestviewsthatformthelastgroupstandaneutralpointinthedebate.Theygenerallybelievethathumanbehaviorisdeterminedbybiologicalandsocialfactors,sothereisnoclearboundarybetween“good”and“evil”andnothingistobeblamedbutthegeneaswellastheenvironment.Andofthetwofactorswhichonedecidesmore?Alsoknownas“natureversusnurture”,thisquestioncompelsenormousstudies.

  Beingaconstantstrangertophilosophy,I’vegotnothingtodobutjustskimoverallofthetheoriesmentionedabove,keepthinkingabouthumannatureinmyownwayassociatedwithfamiliarexamplesinmyownsurroundings,andundoubtedlyendupallthesewithoutexplicitconclusions.BecausewheneverItrytofigureinmymindwhathumannatureislike,Icouldnothelprecallingsomanystoriesaboutit,eachofwhichconflictswithoneanother.Theymessmeupandkeepmefromaclearimageaboutit.ThereforeIhavetoholdamoderateopinionuntilIfindnewkeyevidencetoprovewhetherhumannatureisgoodorevil.Beforethat,Ichoosetobelievethathumannatureisindeedlikeacoinandneithersidecaneasilydominate.

  Sept'2006,JadingCampus,TongjiUniv.

2020-05-16 02:19:18

最新问答

推荐文章

猜你喜欢

附近的人在看

推荐阅读

拓展阅读

  • 大家都在看
  • 小编推荐
  • 猜你喜欢
  •